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1810–11 United States House of Representatives elections

(Redirected from 1810 Kentucky's 5th congressional district special election)

The 1810–11 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between April 24, 1810, and August 2, 1811. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 12th United States Congress convened on November 4, 1811. They occurred during President James Madison's first term. Elections were held for all 142 seats, representing 17 states.

1810–11 United States House of Representatives elections
← 1808 & 1809April 24, 1810 – August 2, 1811[a]1812 & 1813 →
All 142[b] seats in the United States House of Representatives
72 seats needed for a majority
 Majority partyMinority party
 
LeaderHenry ClayTimothy Pitkin
PartyDemocratic-RepublicanFederalist
Leader's seatKentucky 3rdConnecticut at-large
Last election94 seats48 seats
Seats won107[b]36
Seat changeIncrease 13Decrease 12
'Results:
     Federalist hold      Federalist gain
     Democratic-Republican hold      Democratic-Republican gain
     Dissident Republican hold      Undistricted
Speaker before election

Joseph Bradley Varnum
Democratic-Republican

Elected Speaker

Henry Clay
Democratic-Republican

One newly elected Representative, Henry Clay, also was elected Speaker.

With the repeal of the Embargo Act of 1807, the economy improved. The opposition Federalists lost voter support and the Democratic-Republicans recovered a supermajority.

Election summaries

↓
10736
Democratic-RepublicanFederalist
StateTypeDateTotal
seats		Democratic-
Republican		Federalist
SeatsChangeSeatsChange
KentuckyDistrictsAugust 6, 181066 0
New YorkDistrictsApril 24–26, 18101712 35 3
North CarolinaDistrictsAugust 9, 18101210 12 1
Rhode IslandAt-largeAugust 28, 181020 2
ConnecticutAt-largeSeptember 17, 181070 7
GeorgiaAt-largeOctober 1, 181044 0
MarylandDistricts96 3
DelawareAt-largeOctober 2, 181010 1
New JerseyAt-largeOctober 8–9, 181066 0
South CarolinaDistricts88 0
OhioAt-largeOctober 9, 181011 0
PennsylvaniaDistricts1817 11 1
VermontDistrictsNovember 4, 181043 21 2
MassachusettsDistrictsNovember 5, 1810[c]179 28 2
Late elections (After the March 4, 1811 beginning of the next Congress)
VirginiaDistrictsApril 18112217 5
New HampshireAt-largeApril 1, 1811[d]54 41 4
TennesseeDistrictsAugust 1–2, 181133 0
Total[b]142106
74.6%		 1336
25.4%		 13
House seats
Dem-Republican
 
74.83%
Federalist
 
25.17%

Special elections

There were special elections in 1810 and 1811 to the 11th United States Congress and 12th United States Congress.

Elections are sorted by date then district.

11th Congress

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
New York 2William DenningDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent resigned in 1810.
New member elected April 24–26, 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated December 4, 1810.[1]
Successor also elected the same day to the next term, see below.
Kentucky 5Benjamin HowardDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent resigned April 10, 1810 to become Governor of Louisiana Territory.
New member elected August 6, 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated December 13, 1810.[1]
Successor did not run to the next term, see below.
Connecticut at-largeSamuel W. DanaFederalist1796 (special)Incumbent resigned in May 1810 after election as U.S. senator.
New member elected September 17, 1810.
Federalist hold.
Successor seated December 3, 1810.[1]
Successor lost election to the next term, see below.
Maryland 4Roger NelsonDemocratic-Republican1804 (special)Incumbent resigned May 14, 1810 to become associate judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Maryland.
New member elected October 1, 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated December 7, 1810.[1]
Successor also elected the same day to the next term, see below.
  • ▌ Y Samuel Ringgold (Democratic-Republican) 98.1%
  • ▌Benjamin Galloway (Federalist) 1.6%[4]
Massachusetts 10
"Worcester South district"		Jabez UphamFederalist1806Incumbent resigned in 1810.
New member elected October 8, 1810.
Federalist hold.
Successor seated December 13, 1810.[1]
Successor did not run to the next term, see below.
  • ▌ Y Joseph Allen (Federalist) 55.2%
  • ▌John Spurr (Democratic-Republican) 44.8%[5]
Massachusetts 11
"Worcester North district"		William StedmanFederalist1803Incumbent resigned July 16, 1810 to become Clerk of Courts for Worcester County.
New member elected October 8, 1810.
Federalist hold.
Successor seated December 14, 1810.[1]
Successor later elected to the next term; see below.
New Jersey at-largeJames CoxDemocratic-Republican1810Incumbent died September 12, 1810.
New member elected October 30–31, 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated December 3, 1810.[1]
Successor did not run to the next term; see below.
  • ▌ Y John A. Scudder (Democratic-Republican) 76.7%
  • ▌John Linn (Democratic-Republican) 10.8%
  • ▌Jacob S. Thompson (Democratic-Republican) 10.2%
  • ▌Isaac Mickle (Democratic-Republican) 2.3%[7]
Virginia 1John G. JacksonDemocratic-Republican1803Incumbent resigned September 28, 1810 after being wounded in a duel.
New member elected November 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated December 21, 1810.[1]
Successor late lost election to the next term, see below.
Maryland 7John BrownDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent resigned in 1810[f] to become clerk of the county court of Queen Anne's County.
New member elected November 15, 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated December 3, 1810.[1]
New member was also elected by the same ballot to the next term; see below.[g]
  • ▌ Y Robert Wright (Democratic-Republican) 51.7%
  • ▌Daniel C. Hopper (Unknown) 45.0%
  • ▌James Brown (Unknown) 3.1%
  • Scattering 0.2%[8]
South Carolina 1Robert MarionDemocratic-Republican1804Incumbent resigned December 4, 1810, having already retired.
New member elected December 31, 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated January 24, 1811.[1] Successor had already been elected to the next term; see below.

12th Congress

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Maryland 7John BrownDemocratic-Republican1808Representative-elect declined to serve to become clerk of the county court of Queen Anne's County.
New member elected November 15, 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated at the beginning of the Congress.[10]
New member was also elected by the same ballot to finish the current term; see above.[g]
  • ▌ Y Robert Wright (Democratic-Republican) 51.7%
  • ▌Daniel C. Hopper (Unknown) 45.0%
  • ▌James Brown (Unknown) 3.1%
  • Scattering 0.2%[8]
Maryland 6John MontgomeryDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent resigned April 29, 1811 to become Attorney General of Maryland.
New member elected October 2, 1811.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated November 4, 1811.[10]
Massachusetts 4
"Middlesex district"		Joseph B. VarnumDemocratic-Republican1795Incumbent resigned June 29, 1811 when elected U.S. senator.
New member elected November 4, 1811.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor seated January 22, 1812.[10]		First ballot (September 23, 1811):
  • ▌John Tuttle (Democratic-Republican) 44.5%
  • ▌Loammi Baldwin (Federalist) 37.4%
  • ▌Edmund Foster (Democratic-Republican) 12.5%
  • ▌Marshall Spring (Democratic-Republican) 5.7%[12]

Second ballot (November 4, 1811):

Connecticut

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Connecticut at-large
7 seats on a general ticket		Lewis B. SturgesFederalist1805 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
Jonathan O. MoseleyFederalist1804Incumbent re-elected.
Benjamin TallmadgeFederalist1801 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
Epaphroditus ChampionFederalist1806Incumbent re-elected.
Timothy PitkinFederalist1805 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
Samuel W. DanaFederalist1796 (special)Incumbent resigned in May 1810 after election as U.S. senator.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
Successor (Law) was not elected to finish the current term; see above.
John DavenportFederalist1798Incumbent re-elected.

Delaware

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Delaware at-largeNicholas Van DykeFederalist1807 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.

Georgia

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Georgia at-large
4 seats on a general ticket		William W. BibbDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y William W. Bibb (Democratic-Republican) 24.4%
  • ▌ Y George Troup (Democratic-Republican) 22.7%
  • ▌ Y Howell Cobb (Democratic-Republican) 16.9%
  • ▌ Y Bolling Hall (Democratic-Republican) 12.6%
  • ▌Elijah Clarke (Democratic-Republican) 10.7%
  • ▌John Forsyth (Democratic-Republican) 9.1%
  • ▌James Elliot (Federalist) 3.6%
George TroupDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.
Howell CobbDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.
Dennis SmeltDemocratic-Republican1806 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.

Indiana Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Kentucky

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Kentucky 1Matthew LyonDemocratic-Republican1797 (Vermont)
1803		Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Kentucky 2Samuel McKeeDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
Kentucky 3Henry CristDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Kentucky 4Richard M. JohnsonDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.
Kentucky 5Benjamin HowardDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent resigned April 10, 1810 to become Governor of Louisiana Territory.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor was not a candidate to finish the current term, see above.
Kentucky 6Joseph DeshaDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.

Maryland

Maryland held its elections October 1, 1810.

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates[i]
Maryland 1John CampbellFederalist1801Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
  • ▌ Y Philip Stuart (Federalist) 98.3%
  • ▌John Parnham (Democratic-Republican) 1.1%
Maryland 2Archibald Van HorneDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Maryland 3Philip Barton KeyFederalist1806Incumbent re-elected.
Maryland 4Roger NelsonDemocratic-Republican1804 (special)Incumbent resigned May 14, 1810 to become associate judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Maryland.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor also elected to finish the current term; see above.
  • ▌ Y Samuel Ringgold (Democratic-Republican) 95.7%
  • ▌Benjamin Galloway (Federalist) 2.0%
Maryland 5
Plural district with 2 seats		Nicholas R. MooreDemocratic-Republican1803Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Alexander McKimDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
Maryland 6John MontgomeryDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John Montgomery (Democratic-Republican) 98.1%
  • ▌Thomas G. Moffit (Unknown) 1.7%
Maryland 7John BrownDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected but declined the seat and resigned, leading to a special election.
Maryland 8Charles GoldsboroughFederalist1804Incumbent re-elected.

Massachusetts

Massachusetts held its elections November 5, 1810. Massachusetts law required a majority for election. This was not met in the 15th district necessitating a second election on April 1, 1811.

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates[i]
Massachusetts 1
"Suffolk district"		Josiah QuincyFederalist1804Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Josiah Quincy (Federalist) 68.9%
  • ▌David Tilden (Democratic-Republican) 31.1%
Massachusetts 2
"Essex South district"		Benjamin Pickman Jr.Federalist1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
  • ▌ Y William Reed (Federalist) 53.6%
  • ▌Daniel Kilham (Democratic-Republican) 46.4%
Massachusetts 3
"Essex North district"		Edward St. Loe LivermoreFederalist1806Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
  • ▌ Y Leonard White (Federalist) 62.6%
  • ▌Thomas Kitteridge (Democratic-Republican) 33.5%
  • ▌Nehemiah Cleveland (Federalist) 3.9%
Massachusetts 4
"Middlesex district"		Joseph Bradley VarnumDemocratic-Republican1794Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 5
"Hampshire South district"		William ElyFederalist1804Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y William Ely (Federalist) 70.4%
  • ▌Samuel Fowler (Democratic-Republican) 29.0%
Massachusetts 6
"Hampshire North district"		Samuel TaggartFederalist1803Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Samuel Taggart (Federalist) 72.1%
  • ▌Solomon Snead (Democratic-Republican) 27.9%
Massachusetts 7
"Plymouth district"		Charles Turner Jr.Democratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 8
"Barnstable district"		Gideon GardnerDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y Isaiah L. Green (Democratic-Republican) 57.1%
  • ▌Francis Rotch (Federalist) 42.7%
Massachusetts 9
"Bristol district"		Laban WheatonFederalist1808Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Laban Wheaton (Federalist) 51.8%
  • ▌Nathaniel Morton (Democratic-Republican) 48.0%
Massachusetts 10
"Worcester South district"		Joseph AllenFederalist1810 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
  • ▌ Y Elijah Brigham (Federalist) 53.5%
  • ▌John Spurr (Democratic-Republican) 46.4%
Massachusetts 11
"Worcester North district"		Abijah BigelowFederalist1810 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Abijah Bigelow (Federalist) 70.6%
  • ▌Timothy Whiting (Democratic-Republican) 28.5%
Massachusetts 12
"Berkshire district"		Ezekiel BaconDemocratic-Republican1807 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Ezekiel Bacon (Democratic-Republican) 56.1%
  • ▌Thomas Ives (Democratic-Republican) 43.9%
Massachusetts 13
"Norfolk district"		Ebenezer SeaverDemocratic-Republican1803Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Ebenezer Seaver (Democratic-Republican) 63.2%
  • ▌Timothy Jackson (Federalist) 21.2%
  • ▌James Richardson (Unknown) 10.2%
  • ▌James Mann (Unknown) 4.2%
  • Others 1.2%
Massachusetts 14
"York district"
District of Maine		Richard CuttsDemocratic-Republicans1801Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 15
"Cumberland district"
District of Maine		Ezekiel WhitmanFederalist1808Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.		First ballot (November 5, 1810):

Second ballot (April 1, 1811):
Massachusetts 16
"Lincoln district"
District of Maine		Orchard CookDemocratic-Republican1804Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Massachusetts 17
"Kennebec district"
District of Maine		Barzillai GannettDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.

Mississippi Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire law required a candidate to receive votes from a majority of voters (10%). In the initial election, only two candidates won a majority, so a second election was held in April 1811 for the remaining three seats, after the congressional term began but before the Congress formally convened. The data from the source used give majorities to all the top five candidates, suggesting that the data are incomplete.

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
New Hampshire at-large
5 seats on a general ticket		Daniel BlaisdellFederalist1808Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.		First ballot (August 27, 1810):

Second ballot (April 1, 1811)
John Curtis ChamberlainFederalist1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
William HaleFederalist1808Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Nathaniel Appleton HavenFederalist1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
James WilsonFederalist1808Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.

New Jersey

The Federalists ran no official ticket in 1810, but votes were received for various Federalists in some counties.

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates[i]
New Jersey at-large
6 seats on a general ticket		Adam BoydDemocratic-Republican1803
1804 (retired)
1808 (special)		Incumbent re-elected.
Thomas NewboldDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.
William HelmsDemocratic-Republican1800Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
John A. ScudderDemocratic-Republican1810 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
Henry SouthardDemocratic-Republican1800Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
Jacob HuftyDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.

New York

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
New York 1Ebenezer SageDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Ebenezer Sage (Democratic-Republican) 93.5%
  • ▌David Gardiner (Federalist) 6.5%
New York 2
Plural district with 2 seats		William DenningDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent resigned in 1810.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor also elected the same day to finish the current term; see above.
Gurdon S. MumfordDemocratic-Republican1804 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
New York 3Jonathan FiskDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
New York 4James EmottFederalist1808Incumbent re-elected.
New York 5Barent GardenierFederalist1806Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
  • ▌ Y Thomas B. Cooke (Democratic-Republican) 52.1%
  • ▌Gerrit Abeel (Federalist) 47.9%
New York 6
Plural district with 2 seats		Herman KnickerbockerFederalist1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
Robert Le Roy LivingstonFederalist1808Incumbent re-elected.
New York 7Killian Van RensselaerFederalist1800Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
  • ▌ Y Harmanus Bleecker (Federalist) 57.6%
  • ▌John V. Veeder (Democratic-Republican) 42.4%
New York 8John ThompsonDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y Benjamin Pond (Democratic-Republican) 57.6%
  • ▌James McCrea (Federalist) 42.4%
New York 9Thomas SammonsFederalist1808Incumbent re-elected in a different party.
Democratic-Republican gain.
  • ▌ Y Thomas Sammons (Democratic-Republican) 52.6%
  • ▌Richard Van Horne (Federalist) 47.4%
New York 10John NicholsonDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y Silas Stow (Democratic-Republican) 51.3%
  • ▌Simeon Ford (Federalist) 48.7%
New York 11Thomas R. GoldFederalist1808Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Thomas R. Gold (Federalist) 52.6%
  • ▌Thomas Skinner (Democratic-Republican) 47.4%
New York 12Erastus RootDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
New York 13Uri TracyDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Uri Tracy (Democratic-Republican) 60.2%
  • ▌Nathaniel Waldron (Federalist) 39.8%
New York 14Vincent MathewsFederalist1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
New York 15Peter B. PorterDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.

North Carolina

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
North Carolina 1Lemuel SawyerDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Lemuel Sawyer (Democratic-Republican) 61.4%
  • ▌William Hinton (Democratic-Republican) 37.1%
  • ▌Joseph Riddick (Democratic-Republican) 1.5%
North Carolina 2Willis AlstonDemocratic-Republican1798Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Willis Alston (Democratic-Republican) 65.9%
  • ▌Joseph H. Bryon (Federalist) 34.1%
North Carolina 3William KennedyDemocratic-Republican1803
1804 (lost)
1808		Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
North Carolina 4John StanlyFederalist1800
1803 (lost)
1808		Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
North Carolina 5Thomas KenanDemocratic-Republican1805 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y William R. King (Democratic-Republican) 67.8%
  • ▌Christopher Dudley (Federalist) 32.2%
North Carolina 6Nathaniel MaconDemocratic-Republican1791Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina 7Archibald McBrydeFederalist1808Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina 8Richard StanfordDemocratic-Republican1796Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina 9James CochranDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y James Cochran (Democratic-Republican) 57.0%
  • ▌Theophilus Lacy (Democratic-Republican) 43.0%
North Carolina 10Joseph PearsonFederalist1808Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Joseph Pearson (Federalist) 63.8%
  • ▌James Wallis (Democratic-Republican) 36.4%
North Carolina 11James HollandDemocratic-Republican1800Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y Israel Pickens (Democratic-Republican) 50.5%
  • ▌Felix Walker (Democratic-Republican) 39.8%
  • ▌John Stevelie (Democratic-Republican) 9.7%
North Carolina 12Meshack FranklinDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.

Ohio

This was the last election in which Ohio had a single at-large district. Due to rapid population growth in the state, the at-large district had become disproportionately populous by this point.

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Ohio at-largeJeremiah MorrowDemocratic-Republican1803Incumbent re-elected.

Pennsylvania

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates[16]
Pennsylvania 1
Plural district with 3 seats		Adam SeybertDemocratic-Republican1809 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
William AndersonDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
John PorterDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Federalist gain.
Pennsylvania 2
Plural district with 3 seats		Robert BrownDemocratic-Republican1798 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
William MilnorFederalist1806Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
John RossDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Pennsylvania 3
Plural district with 3 seats		Robert JenkinsFederalist1806Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Matthias RichardsDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Daniel HiesterDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Pennsylvania 4
Plural district with 2 seats		Robert WhitehillDemocratic-Republican1805 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
David BardDemocratic-Republican1802Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 5George SmithDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 6William CrawfordDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y William Crawford (Democratic-Republican) 56.6%
  • ▌David Cassat (Federalist) 43.4%
Pennsylvania 7John ReaDemocratic-Republican1802Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Pennsylvania 8William FindleyDemocratic-Republican1802Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y William Findley (Democratic-Republican) 60.9%
  • ▌John Kirkpatrick (Democratic-Republican) 39.1%
Pennsylvania 9John SmilieDemocratic-Republican1792
1794 (retired)
1798		Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 10Aaron LyleDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Aaron Lyle (Democratic-Republican) 70.4%
  • ▌Thomas L. Birch (Federalist) 29.6%
Pennsylvania 11Samuel SmithDemocratic-Republican1805 (special)Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.

Rhode Island

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Rhode Island at-large
2 seats on a general ticket		Richard Jackson Jr.Federalist1808Incumbent re-elected.
Elisah R. PotterFederalist1808Incumbent re-elected.

South Carolina

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
South Carolina 1
"Charleston district"		Robert MarionDemocratic-Republican1804Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Incumbent then resigned December 4, 1810 and successor was also elected to finish the current term; see above.
South Carolina 2
"Beaufort district"		William Butler Sr.Democratic-Republican1800Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y William Butler Sr. (Democratic-Republican)[e]
  • ▌Edmund Bacon (Democratic-Republican)
  • ▌Francisco Annone (Federalist)
South Carolina 3
"Georgetown district"		Robert WitherspoonDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
South Carolina 4
"Orangeburgh district"		John TaylorDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
South Carolina 5
"Sumter district"		Richard WinnDemocratic-Republican1802 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
South Carolina 6
"Abbeville district"		Joseph CalhounDemocratic-Republican1807 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y John C. Calhoun (Democratic-Republican) 72.2%[h]
  • ▌John A. Elmore (Democratic-Republican) 27.8%
  • ▌Eastland[l] (Federalist)
South Carolina 7
"Chester district"		Thomas MooreDemocratic-Republican1800Incumbent re-elected.
South Carolina 8
"Pendleton district"		Lemuel J. AlstonDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y Elias Earle (Democratic-Republican) 58.0%
  • ▌William Hunter (Federalist) 42.0%

Tennessee

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Tennessee 1John RheaDemocratic-Republican1803Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John Rhea (Democratic-Republican)
  • Uncontested
Tennessee 2Robert WeakleyDemocratic-Republican1809Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Tennessee 3Pleasant M. MillerDemocratic-Republican1809Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.

Vermont

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates[i]
Vermont 1Samuel ShawDemocratic-Republican1808Incumbent re-elected.
Vermont 2Jonathan H. HubbardFederalist1808Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Vermont 3William ChamberlainFederalist1802
1805 (lost)
1808		Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Vermont 4Martin ChittendenFederalist1803Incumbent re-elected.

Virginia

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates[i]
Virginia 1William McKinleyDemocratic-Republican1810 (special)Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Federalist gain.
Virginia 2James StephensonFederalist1809Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold.
  • ▌ Y John Baker (Federalist) 56.5%
  • ▌Daniel Morgan (Democratic-Republican) 43.5%
Virginia 3John SmithDemocratic-Republican1801Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John Smith (Democratic-Republican)
  • Uncontested
Virginia 4Jacob SwoopeFederalist1809Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
  • ▌ Y William McCoy (Democratic-Republican) 52.6%
  • ▌Samuel Blackburn (Federalist) 47.4%
Virginia 5James BreckinridgeFederalist1809Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y James Breckinridge (Federalist) 58.4%
  • ▌Thomas L. Preston (Democratic-Republican) 41.6%
Virginia 6Daniel SheffeyFederalist1809Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 7Joseph Lewis Jr.Federalist1803Incumbent re-elected.
John Love
Moved from the 9th district		Democratic-Republican1807Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic-Republican loss.
Virginia 8Walter JonesDemocratic-Republican1803Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
John Taliaferro (D-R), was seated on December 2, 1811, after successfully challenging the election in the House Committee on Elections.[10]
Virginia 9Open seatOpen seat.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Virginia 10John DawsonDemocratic-Republican1797Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 11John RoaneDemocratic-Republican1809Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 12Burwell BassettDemocratic-Republican1805Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 13William A. BurwellDemocratic-Republican1806 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 14Matthew ClayDemocratic-Republican1797Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 15John Randolph
Moved from the 16th district		Democratic-Republican1799Incumbent re-elected.
John W. Eppes
Moved from the 16th district		Democratic-Republican1807Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic-Republican loss.
Virginia 16Open seatOpen seat.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Virginia 17Thomas Gholson Jr.Democratic-Republican1808 (special)Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 18Peterson GoodwynDemocratic-Republican1803Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 19Edwin GrayDemocratic-Republican1799Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Edwin Gray (Democratic-Republican) 62.2%
  • ▌Samuel Butler (Democratic-Republican) 37.8%
Virginia 20Thomas Newton Jr.Democratic-Republican1799Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Thomas Newton Jr. (Democratic-Republican) 97.7%
  • ▌Robert B. Taylor (Federalist) 2.3%
Virginia 21David S. GarlandDemocratic-Republican1809 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Virginia 22John CloptonDemocratic-Republican1801Incumbent re-elected.

Non-voting delegates

There were five territories with the right to send non-voting delegates to the 12th Congress. Two of them, Illinois Territory and Missouri Territory elected their first representative near the end of the 12th Congress in 1812, while Orleans Territory's seat remained vacant until the territory was admitted as the State of Louisiana.

DistrictIncumbentThis race
DelegatePartyFirst electedResultsCandidates[i]
Indiana Territory at-largeJonathan JenningsDemocratic-Republican1809Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Jonathan Jennings (Democratic-Republican) 65.1%
  • ▌Thomas Randolph (Unknown) 34.9%
Mississippi Territory at-largeGeorge PoindexterDemocratic-Republican1806Incumbent re-elected.

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

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