Candidates
Officially ruling in communist states
In the following countries, communist parties either lead the ruling coalition or hold monopoly on state power as defined by their respective country's constitutions.
Ruling or part of ruling coalition in multi-party states
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Main opposition in multi-party states
Formerly ruling
One-party system
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Parliamentary majority or minority government
| Country | Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leaders | Founded | Dissolved | Ideology | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Austria(1945–1949) |  | Communist Party of Austria Kommunistische Partei Österreichs | KPÖ | Ruth Fischer & Franz Koritschoner & Lucien Laurat (first) Mirko Messner (current) | 3 November 1918 | Marxism–Leninism Anti-fascism | Participated in the provisional coalition of the Government of Austria after World War II and for four years after the 1945 Austrian legislative election | ||
 Bangladesh(1975) |  | Bangladesh Worker's-Peasants' People's League বাংলাদেশ কৃষক শ্রমিক আওয়ামী লীগ | BAKSAL বাংকশ্আল | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | 24 February 1975 | 15 August 1975 | State socialism Bengali nationalism | Dissolved after the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | |
 Chad(1993) | Chadian Action for Unity and Socialism Action Tchadienne pour l'unité et le socialisme | ACTUS/prpe | Fidèle Moungar | 1 May 1981 | Marxism–Leninism Ecologism | The party's leader was chosen as Prime Minister in April 1993 by the Sovereign National Conference, but subsequently lost an October 1993 vote of no-confidence and resigned. | |||
 Cyprus(2008–2013) | Progressive Party of Working People Ανορθωτικό Κόμμα Εργαζόμενου Λαού | AKEL ΑΚΕΛ | Ploutis Servas (first) Stefanos Stefanou (current) | 15 August 1926 | Marxism–Leninism Cypriot nationalism | Won the 2008 election and ruled until 2013 | |||
 Guyana(1992–2015) | .svg){kind=small} | People's Progressive Party/Civic | PPP/С | Cheddi Jagan & Janet Jagan (first) Bharrat Jagdeo (current) | 1 January 1950 | Social democracy Left-wing populism Left-wing nationalism Nominally: Marxism–Leninism | The party de facto abandoned Marxism–Leninism in favor of social democracy by 2015. | ||
 India(1996–1998) |  | Communist Party of India | CPI | Sachchidanand Vishnu Ghate (first) D. Raja (current) | 1 June 1996 | 19 March 1998 | Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism | Member of the United Front and its coalition government | |
 Moldova(2001–2009) |  | Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova | PCRM | Vladimir Voronin | 22 October 1993 | Democratic socialism Left-wing populism Moldovenism Russophilia | Deposed after the 2009 protests | ||
 Nepal(1994–1995, 2008–2013, 2015–2017, 2018–2021) |  | Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी) | CPN (UML) नेकपा (एमाले) | Madan Bhandari (first) K. P. Sharma Oli (current) | 6 January 1991 8 March 2021 | 17 May 2018 | Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy | The party merged with the CPN (MC) to form the Nepal Communist Party in 2018, refounded in 2021. | |
 | Nepal Communist Party नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी | NCP नेकपा | K. P. Sharma Oli Pushpa Kamal Dahal | 17 May 2018 | 8 March 2021 | Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy Prachanda Path Democratic centralism Secularism Federalism | Dissolved as a result of internal conflicts in 2021 | ||
Coalition partner or supporter
Argentina (2003–2015) – Communist Party of Argentina, in coalition governments with Front for Victory
Brazil (2003–2016) – Communist Party of Brazil, in coalition governments with Workers' Party
Bulgaria (2005–2009, 2013–2014) – Communist Party of Bulgaria, in coalition government as member of the Coalition for Bulgaria
Chile (1937–1941, 1942–1946, 1970–1973, 2014–2018) – Communist Party of Chile, in coalition governments as a member of the Popular Front, Democratic Alliance, Popular Unity, and now New Majority
Finland (1944–1948, 1966–1970, 1970–1971, 1975–1976, 1977–1982) – Finnish People's Democratic League, in coalition governments with numerous other parties
France (1981–1989; 1997–2002) – French Communist Party as a part of the Union de la gauche and of the Gauche plurielle
India (2004–2008) – Communist Party of India (Marxist) and Communist Party of India, in the coalition government of the United Progressive Alliance
Iran (1946) – Tudeh Party of Iran, in the coalition government of Ahmad Qavam[2]
Italy (1998–2001, 2006–2008) – Party of Italian Communists in the D'Alema I Cabinet, D'Alema II Cabinet, Amato II Cabinet with The Olive Tree; Communist Refoundation Party and Party of Italian Communists in the coalition government of The Union
Mali (2005–2014) – Malian Party of Labour, participated in the Alliance for Democracy in Mali
Norway (1945) – Communist Party of Norway in coalition government as member of Gerhardsen's First Cabinet led by the Labour Party
Peru (2011–2016) – Peruvian Communist Party, in coalition governments as member of Peru Wins
Portugal (2015–2019) – Portuguese Communist Party in support of the XXI Constitutional Government of Portugal led by the Socialist Party
San Marino (1945–1957, 1978–1992) – Sammarinese Communist Party, in coalition government with Sammarinese Socialist Party
Sri Lanka (1970–1975, 2004–2015) – Communist Party of Sri Lanka, in coalition governments with the Sri Lanka Freedom Party
Uruguay (2005–2020) – Communist Party of Uruguay and People's Victory Party, in coalition governments as members of the Broad Front
Modern non-ruling
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- All-Union Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Bolshevik Platform of the KPSS[17]
Formerly communist
Afghanistan – Parcham faction of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, became Watan Party of Afghanistan
Albania – Party of Labour of Albania, became Socialist Party of Albania
Angola – Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), abandoned Maoism for social democracy and then nationalism and social conservatism
Bosnia and Herzegovina – League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina abandoned Marxism–Leninism–Titoism for social democracy and civic nationalism and became Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina- Brazil – Brazilian Communist Party, became Cidadania
- Bulgaria – Bulgarian Communist Party, became Bulgarian Socialist Party
Cambodia – Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party, abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy, and became Cambodian People's Party
Congo – Congolese Party of Labour, abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy
Croatia – League of Communists of Croatia abandoned Marxism–Leninism–Titoism for social democracy, and became Social Democratic Party of Croatia
Estonia – Communist Party of Estonia, Communist Party of Estonia (on CPSU platform)
Germany (East) – Socialist Unity Party of Germany, became Party of Democratic Socialism, and is now a part of The Left
Hungary – Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, became Hungarian Socialist Party
Indonesia – Communist Party of Indonesia, dissolved and banned subsequently after an alleged coup attempt
Kazakhstan – Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan, became People's Party of Kazakhstan
Mongolia – Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party, abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy, and became Mongolian People's Party
Montenegro – League of Communists of Montenegro abandoned Marxism–Leninism–Titoism for social democracy and liberalism, and became Democratic Party of Socialists
Morocco – Party of Progress and Socialism abandoned Marxism–Leninism for democratic socialism
Mozambique – FRELIMO, abandoned Marxism–Leninism for democratic socialism
Netherlands – Communist Party of the Netherlands, merged with GroenLinks
North Macedonia – League of Communists of Macedonia abandoned Marxism–Leninism–Titoism for social democracy, and became Social Democratic Union of Macedonia
Poland – Polish United Workers' Party, became Democratic Left Alliance
Romania – Communist Party of Romania, became National Salvation Front the descendants of which are Democratic Liberal Party and Social Democratic Party- San Marino – Communist Party of San Marino, became Party of Democrats
Slovenia – League of Communists of Slovenia abandoned Marxism–Leninism–Titoism for social democracy, and became Social Democrats
Serbia – League of Communists of Serbia abandoned Marxism–Leninism–Titoism for democratic socialism and nationalism, later social democracy, and became Socialist Party of Serbia
Tunisia – Tunisian Communist Party, became Movement for Renewal
Yemen – Yemeni Socialist Party, abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy
Defunct
Once ruling
- Afghanistan – People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
- Albania – Party of Labour of Albania became Socialist Party of Albania
Benin – People's Revolutionary Party of Benin- Bulgaria – Bulgarian Communist Party became Bulgarian Socialist Party
- Cambodia – Communist Party of Kampuchea
Czechoslovakia – Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Czech Republic branch became Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia and Slovak branch became the Party of the Democratic Left
Ethiopia – Workers' Party of Ethiopia
Germany – Party of Democratic Socialism (now a part of The Left)
Grenada – New Jewel Movement- Hungary – Hungarian Working People's Party, Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party became Hungarian Socialist Party
- Poland – Polish United Workers' Party
- Romania – Romanian Communist Party
Somalia – Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party
Soviet Union – Communist Party of the Soviet Union, previously the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
Yugoslavia – League of Communists of Yugoslavia (as a federation of the constituent republics' parties, it was dissolved in 1990)
Non-ruling
Armenia – Armenian Workers Communist Party, Armenian Workers Union, Marxist Party of Armenia, Union of Communists of Armenia, Renewed Communist Party of Armenia
Australia – Communist Party of Australia
Belgium – Union of Marxist–Leninist Communists of Belgium, founded in 1970.[3][4][5]- Belgium – Communist Party of Belgium – Marxist–Leninist, founded in 1976.
- Brazil – Free Homeland Party
- Bulgaria – Bulgarian Communist Party – Marxists
Burkina Faso – African Independence Party (Burkina Faso), Burkinabé Bolshevik Party, Burkinabé Communist Group, Marxist–Leninist Group, Organization for Popular Democracy – Labour Movement, Party for Democracy and Socialism, Party of Labour of Burkina, Patriotic League for Development, Union of Burkinabé Communists, Union of Communist Struggles, Union of Communist Struggles – Reconstructed, Union of Communist Struggles – The Flame, Voltaic Communist Organization
Canada – Labor-Progressive Party (legal front of the Communist Party of Canada from 1943 to 1959), Workers' Communist Party of Canada- Channel Islands – Jersey Communist Party
- Chile – Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action), Revolutionary Left Movement
Colombia – Workers Revolutionary Party of Colombia
Costa Rica – Costa Rican People's Party
Cyprus – Communist Party of Cyprus
Cuba – Popular Socialist Party, joined Cuban Communist Party
El Salvador – Communist Party of El Salvador, merged into the FMLN
Eswatini – Swaziland Communist Party
Gambia – Gambia Socialist Revolutionary Party
Georgia – Revived Communist Party of Georgia, Georgian Workers Communist Party- Germany – Spartacist League formed in 1918 and became the Communist Party of Germany
- West Germany – Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin, Communist Party of Germany (banned 1956 in West Germany)
Guatemala – Guatemalan Party of Labour, merged into the URNG
Haiti – Haitian Communist Party, Haitian Workers Party, Unified Party of Haitian Communists, merged into the National Reconstruction Movement in 1990
Honduras – Communist Party of Honduras, merged into the Patriotic Renewal Party
Iceland – Communist Party of Iceland, Communist Party of Iceland (Marxist–Leninist)- India – Indian Communist Party (Sen)
- Indonesia – Communist Party of Indonesia
Ireland – Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist–Leninist)
Iraq – Leninist Group in the Iraqi Communist Movement
Israel – Maki (1948–1973) split in 1965 with formation of largely Arab Rakah which changed its name to Maki in 1989- Italy – Communist Party of Italy, Italian Communist Party of the Julian March, Marxist–Leninist Italian Communist Party, Marxist–Leninist Revolutionary Party of Italy, Movement for Peace and Socialism, Movement for the Confederation of the Communists
Lebanon – Lebanese People's Party
Malaysia – Malayan Communist Party, North Kalimantan Communist Party
Mexico – Mexican Communist Party
Moldova – Communist Reformers Party of Moldova
Myanmar – Communist Party (Burma)
Namibia – Communist Party of Namibia- Netherlands – Communist Party of the Netherlands merged into GroenLinks in 1989
New Zealand – Communist Party of New Zealand, Socialist Unity Party
Nigeria – Nigerian Communist Party, Socialist Workers and Farmers Party of Nigeria
North Korea – Workers' Party of North Korea- Norway – Workers' Communist Party merged into the Red Party
Palestine – Communist Party of Palestine (1921–1948)- Poland – Communist Party of Poland
Saudi Arabia – Communist Party in Saudi Arabia
South Korea – Workers' Party of South Korea
Switzerland – Party of Labour Basel, founded in 1944
Taiwan – Taiwanese Communist Party, China Communist Alliance, Communist Party of the Republic of China, Taiwan Democratic Communist Party
Tatarstan – Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan
Thailand – Communist Party of Thailand
Transnistria (unrecognized country) – Communist Party of Pridnestrovie
Trieste – Communist Party of the Free Territory of Trieste, merged into the Italian Communist Party
Trinidad and Tobago – Communist Party of Trinidad and Tobago
United Kingdom – Communist Party of Great Britain, Communist Party of Scotland
United States – Communist Party Marxist–Leninist, May 19th Communist Movement, Communist Workers Party, Black Panther Party, Communist Labor Party of America, International Socialist Organization
Left communist organizations by country
The following is a list of left communist organizations by country which list only those political organizations and parties who officially call themselves left communist ideologically and still exist.
Organisations
- Italy – Internationalist Communist Party, Lotta Comunista
- Iran – Internationalist Voice
- United Kingdom – Communist Workers Organisation, World Revolution
- United States – Internationalism, Internationalist Workers Group, Workers Offensive
Venezuela – Internationalism
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