Azawad (Tuareg: ⴰⵣⴰⵓⴷ, Azawd; Arabic: أزواد, Azawād; French: Azawad or Azaouad), officially the State of Azawad (Tuareg: ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵣⴰⵓⴷ, Tagdwda n Azawd; دولة ازواد, Dawlat Azawād; French: État de l’Azawad) is a territory situated in northern Mali as well as a former unrecognized state.

Demographics

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Frequencies in some ethnic groups in Europe

The table below shows the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups, based on relevant studies, for various ethnic and other notable groups from Europe. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic designations shown in the first two columns; the third column gives the sample size studied; and the other columns give the percentage for each particular haplogroup. (Ethnic groups from the North Caucasus are considered in their own article.)

Template Iraq

User:Spesh531/sandbox/Template:Iraqi insurgency detailed map

Scales

Common scales beginning on B

• B Major: B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A♯ B
• B Natural Minor: B C♯ D E F♯ G A B
• B Harmonic Minor: B C♯ D E F♯ G A♯ B
• B Melodic Minor Ascending: B C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A♯ B
• B Melodic Minor Descending: B A G F♯ E D C♯ B

Diatonic scales

• B Ionian: B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A♯ B
• B Dorian: B C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A B
• B Phrygian: B C♯ D E F♯ G A B
• B Lydian: B C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A♯ B
• B Mixolydian: B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A B
• B Aeolian: B C♯ D E F♯ G A B
• B Locrian: B C D E F G A B

Jazz Melodic Minor

• C Ascending Melodic Minor: C D E F G A B C
• C Dorian ♭2: C D E F G A B C
• C Lydian Augmented: C D E F G A B C
• C Lydian Dominant: C D E F G A B C
• C Mixolydian ♭6: C D E F G A B C
• C Locrian ♮2: C D E F G A B C
• C Altered: C D E F G A B C

"Key to the Highway/Trouble in Mind" (or as released on the album, "Key to the Highway/Trouble in Mind (Rough Mix)") is a medley played by English rock band Led Zeppelin. It is the last track on the reissued version of the album Led Zeppelin III, released in 2014.^[13]

Musical structure

"Key to the Highway/Trouble in Mind" features Jimmy Page playing acoustic and slide guitar, and Robert Plant's harmonica with vocals processed through a vibrato amp, sounding like a tremolo effect. This vocal effect was also used on the song "Hats off to (Roy) Harper" that appeared on the original album.

The medley involves combining "Key to the Highway", by Big Bill Broonzy and Charlie Segar, and "Trouble in Mind", by Richard M. Jones.

Personnel

• Jimmy Page – acoustic guitar, slide guitar
• Robert Plant – vocals, harmonica

References

Leading candidates

Candidate		Most recent position	Candidacy	Estimated delegate votes[1]		Contests won[a]
				Pledged and super[b] delegates	Path to nomination
Hillary Clinton		67th U.S. Secretary of State (2009–2013)	(Campaign • Positions)	Pledged delegates 1706 / 4051 (42%)	Total delegate votes towards nomination 1706 (2209) / 2384 (72% (93%))	26 AL, AR, AS, AZ, CT, DE, FL, GA, GU, IA, IL, LA, MD, MO, MP, MA, MS, NC, NV,[c] NY, OH, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA
				Superdelegate endorsements 503 / 715 (70%)	Additional delegate votes needed for nomination 678 (175) / 1096 (62% (16%))
Bernie Sanders		U.S. Senator from Vermont (2007–present)	(Campaign • Positions)	Pledged delegates 1419 / 4051 (35%)	Total delegate votes towards nomination 1419 (1460) / 2384 (60% (61%))	19 AK, CO, DA, HI, ID, IN, KS, ME, MI, MN, NE, NH, OK, RI, UT, VT, WA, WI, WY[d]
				Superdelegate endorsements 41 / 715 (6%)	Additional delegate votes needed for nomination 965 (924) / 1096 (88% (84%))

"La La" (or as released on the album, "La La (Intro/Outro Rough Mix)") is an instrumental by English rock band Led Zeppelin. It was recorded during sessions for the band's second album but remained unreleased until 2014, when it was included on the (deluxe and super deluxe) reissued version of the album Led Zeppelin II.^[2]

Personnel

• Jimmy Page – electric and acoustic guitars
• John Paul Jones – Hammond organ, bass pedals, bass guitar
• John Bonham – drums

References

"10 Ribs & All/Carrot Pod Pod" (listed as "10 Ribs & All/Carrot Pod Pod (Pod) (Reference Mix)"), otherwise known as "Pod", is a rock instrumental and piano ballad by the English rock band Led Zeppelin. It was recorded during sessions for the band's seventh album but remained unreleased until 2015, when it was included on the deluxe and super deluxe editions of the album's reissue.^[1]

Personnel

• Jimmy Page – electric & acoustic guitars
• John Paul Jones – piano & bass guitar
• John Bonham – drums

References

This is a list of the largest cities in Europe ranked according to population within their city limits. It deals exclusively with the areas within city administrative boundaries (municipalities) as opposed to urban areas or metropolitan areas, which are generally larger in terms of population than the main city.

The list includes cities geographically situated in Europe, using the conventional definition of its boundaries.

It is notable that Istanbul's commercial and historical center lies on the European side, and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.^[1] 64.7% of the residents live on the European side, and 35.3% on the Asian side.^[2] According to the population within city limits value listed below, the city as a whole is more populous than Moscow. However, the European side is not as populous as Moscow.

Largest cities

Note: The cities are sorted by the column labelled Population within city limits. Cities in bold are capital cities of their respective countries.

	City	Country	Population within city limits	Date	2011 Eurostat population[3]	Image	Location	Ref.
1	Istanbul[e]	Turkey	15,029,231	31 December 2017			41°00′49″N 28°57′18″E / 41.013611°N 28.955°E / 41.013611; 28.955 (1 Istanbul)	[4]
2	Moscow[f]	Russia	13,197,596	1 January 2017			55°45′00″N 37°37′00″E / 55.75°N 37.616667°E / 55.75; 37.616667 (2 Moscow)	[5]
3	London	United Kingdom	8,787,892	30 June 2016	8,173,941		51°30′26″N 0°07′39″W / 51.507222°N 0.1275°W / 51.507222; -0.1275 (3 London)	[6]
4	Saint Petersburg	Russia	5,323,300	1 January 2017			59°57′N 30°18′E / 59.95°N 30.3°E / 59.95; 30.3 (1 Saint Petersburg)	[7][8]
5	Berlin	Germany	3,671,000	31 December 2016	3,460,725		52°31′00″N 13°23′00″E / 52.516667°N 13.383333°E / 52.516667; 13.383333 (5 Berlin)	[9]
6	Madrid	Spain	3,165,235	1 January 2014	3,198,645		40°23′00″N 3°43′00″W / 40.383333°N 3.716667°W / 40.383333; -3.716667 (6 Madrid)	[10]
7	Kiev	Ukraine	2,934,401	1 February 2018			50°27′00″N 30°31′24″E / 50.45°N 30.523333°E / 50.45; 30.523333 (8 Kiev)	[11]
8	Rome	Italy	2,879,038	19 October 2017	2,873,494		41°54′N 12°30′E / 41.9°N 12.5°E / 41.9; 12.5 (7 Rome)	[12]
9	Paris	France	2,241,346	1 January 2014	2,249,977		48°51′24″N 2°21′03″E / 48.8567°N 2.3508°E / 48.8567; 2.3508 (9 Paris)	[13]
10	Bucharest	Romania	2,106,144	1 January 2016	1,903,299		44°25′57″N 26°06′14″E / 44.4325°N 26.103889°E / 44.4325; 26.103889 (11 Bucharest)	[14] [15]
11	Minsk	Belarus	1,949,400	1 October 2015			53°54′00″N 27°34′00″E / 53.9°N 27.566667°E / 53.9; 27.566667 (10 Minsk)	[16]
12	Vienna	Austria	1,877,836	1 July 2017	1,598,626		48°12′00″N 16°22′00″E / 48.2°N 16.366667°E / 48.2; 16.366667 (12 Vienna)	[17]
13	Budapest	Hungary	1,759,407	1 January 2015	1,729,040		47°29′33″N 19°03′05″E / 47.4925°N 19.051389°E / 47.4925; 19.051389 (14 Budapest)	[18]
14	Hamburg	Germany	1,758,041	31 October 2014	1,786,448		53°33′55″N 10°00′05″E / 53.565278°N 10.001389°E / 53.565278; 10.001389 (13 Hamburg)	[19]
15	Warsaw	Poland	1,748,916	30 June 2016	1,708,491		52°14′00″N 21°01′00″E / 52.233333°N 21.016667°E / 52.233333; 21.016667 (15 Warsaw)	[20]
16	Barcelona	Spain	1,602,386	1 January 2014	1,611,013		41°23′00″N 2°11′00″E / 41.383333°N 2.183333°E / 41.383333; 2.183333 (16 Barcelona)	[10]
17	Munich	Germany	1,521,678	31 December 2015	1,378,176		48°08′00″N 11°34′00″E / 48.133333°N 11.566667°E / 48.133333; 11.566667 (18 Munich)	[21]
18	Kharkiv	Ukraine	1,431,565	1 January 2014			50°00′16″N 36°13′53″E / 50.004444°N 36.231389°E / 50.004444; 36.231389 (17 Kharkiv)	[22]
19	Milan	Italy	1,362,695	31 July 2017	1,324,110		45°28′00″N 9°11′00″E / 45.466667°N 9.183333°E / 45.466667; 9.183333 (19 Milan)	[12]
20	Sofia	Bulgaria	1,324,024	15 September 2017	1,324,025		42°42′N 23°20′E / 42.7°N 23.33°E / 42.7; 23.33 (22 Bulgaria)	[23]
21	Prague	Czech Republic	1,280,208	31 December 2016	1,241,664		50°05′00″N 14°25′00″E / 50.083333°N 14.416667°E / 50.083333; 14.416667 (21 Prague)	[24]
22	Nizhny Novgorod	Russia	1,250,000	1 January 2013			56°19′37″N 44°00′27″E / 56.326944°N 44.0075°E / 56.326944; 44.0075 (20 Nizhny Novgorod)	[25]
23	Birmingham	United Kingdom	1,223,000	mid-2017	1,073,045		52°28′59″N 1°53′37″W / 52.483056°N 1.893611°W / 52.483056; -1.893611 (28 Birmingham)	[6]
24	Kazan	Russia	1,216,965	1 January 2016			55°47′25″N 49°08′05″E / 55.790278°N 49.134722°E / 55.790278; 49.134722 (23 Kazan)	[26]
25	Brussels	Belgium	1,171,828	1 January 2015	1,136,778		50°50′48″N 4°21′09″E / 50.8467°N 4.3525°E / 50.8467; 4.3525 (26 Brussels)	[27]
26	Samara	Russia	1,170,910	1 January 2016			53°12′10″N 50°08′27″E / 53.202778°N 50.140833°E / 53.202778; 50.140833 (24 Samara)	[28]
27	Belgrade	Serbia	1,166,763	30 September 2011			44°49′00″N 20°28′00″E / 44.816667°N 20.466667°E / 44.816667; 20.466667 (25 Belgrade)	[29]
28	Ufa	Russia	1,121,429	1 January 2016			54°45′00″N 55°58′00″E / 54.75°N 55.966667°E / 54.75; 55.966667 (29 Ufa)	[30]
29	Rostov-on-Don	Russia	1,119,875	1 January 2016			47°14′00″N 39°42′00″E / 47.233333°N 39.7°E / 47.233333; 39.7 (27 Rostov-on-Don)	[31]
30	Tbilisi	Georgia	1,118,035	2014			41°43′00″N 44°47′00″E / 41.7166°N 44.7833°E / 41.7166; 44.7833 (29 Tbilisi)
31	Perm	Russia	1,041,876	1 January 2016			58°00′00″N 56°19′00″E / 58°N 56.316667°E / 58; 56.316667 (32 Perm)	[32]
32	Cologne	Germany	1,039,488	30 June 2014	1,007,119		50°56′11″N 6°57′10″E / 50.936389°N 6.952778°E / 50.936389; 6.952778 (30 Cologne)	[33]
33	Voronezh	Russia	1,032,382	1 January 2016			51°40′18″N 39°12′38″E / 51.671667°N 39.210556°E / 51.671667; 39.210556 (33 Voronezh)	[34]
34	Volgograd	Russia	1,016,137	1 January 2016			48°42′00″N 44°31′00″E / 48.7°N 44.516667°E / 48.7; 44.516667 (31 New York City)	[35]
35	Odessa	Ukraine	999,359	1 January 2014			46°28′00″N 30°44′00″E / 46.466667°N 30.733333°E / 46.466667; 30.733333 (34 Odessa)	[22]
36	Dnipro	Ukraine	982,969	1 January 2014			48°27′00″N 34°59′00″E / 48.45°N 34.983333°E / 48.45; 34.983333 (36 Dnipro)	[22]
37	Naples	Italy	970,185	19 October 2017	959,574		40°50′00″N 14°15′00″E / 40.833333°N 14.25°E / 40.833333; 14.25 (35 Naples)	[12]

See also

• List of urban areas in Europe
• List of metropolitan areas in Europe
• List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits
• List of cities and towns in Russia by population

Notes

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nationwide opinion polling for the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries.

The following graph depicts the evolution of the standing of each candidate in the poll aggregators since December 2018.

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Naples