Ashgabat
Ashgabat ko Asgabat[1] ( Turkmen , [ɑʃʁɑˈbɑt] ; Persian , wanda da ya na da sunan Poltoratsk ( Russian ) tsakanin 1919 da 1927), babban birni ne kuma birni mafi girma na Turkmenistan . Ya ta'allaka ne tsakanin jejin Karakum da tsaunin Kopetdag a tsakiyar Asiya, kusa da iyakar Iran da Turkiyya .
 Ashgabat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aşgabat (tk) | |||||
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 | |||||
| Suna saboda | unknown value | ||||
| Wuri | |||||
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| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Turkmenistan | ||||
| Babban birnin | Turkmenistan (1991–) | ||||
| Yawan mutane | |||||
| Faɗi | 1,030,063 (2022) | ||||
| • Yawan mutane | 1,346.49 mazaunan/km² | ||||
| Harshen gwamnati | Turkmen (en)  | ||||
| Labarin ƙasa | |||||
| Yawan fili | 765 km² | ||||
| Altitude (en) | 219 m | ||||
| Bayanan tarihi | |||||
| Ƙirƙira | 1881 | ||||
| Tsarin Siyasa | |||||
| • Gwamna | Shamuhammet Durdylyyev (en) | ||||
| Bayanan Tuntuɓa | |||||
| Lambar aika saƙo | 744000 — 744901 | ||||
| Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci | UTC+05:00 (en) | ||||
| Lamba ta ISO 3166-2 | TM-S | ||||
| Wasu abun | |||||
| Yanar gizo | ashgabat.gov.tm… | ||||
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An kafa birnin a shekara ta 1881 bisa tushen ƙauyen kabilar Ahal Teke, kuma ya zama babban birnin Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic a 1924. Girgizar kasa ta Ashgabat ta 1948 ta lalata yawancin birnin, amma tun daga lokacin an sake gina shi da yawa a ƙarƙashin mulkin Saparmurat Niyazov 's "White City" aikin sabunta birane,[2] wanda ya haifar da manyan ayyukan da aka lulluɓe da farin marmara mai tsada.[3] Canal na Karakum na zamanin Soviet yana bi ta cikin birni, yana ɗaukar ruwa daga Amu Darya daga gabas zuwa yamma. Tun daga shekarar 2019, an amince da birnin a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi tsadar rayuwa a duniya sakamakon hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da kuma batun shigo da kayayyaki na Turkmenistan.[4][5][6]
Etymology
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Ana kiran Ashgabat Aşgabat a Turkmen, ( Russian: Ашхабад, romanized: Ashkhabad a cikin Rashanci daga 1925 zuwa 1991, da عشقآباد . ( 'Ešqābād ) in Persian . Kafin 1991, ana yawan rubuta birnin Ashkhabad a Turanci, fassarar Rashanci. Hakanan an rubuta ta daban-daban Ashkhabat da Ashgabad. Daga 1919 zuwa 1927, birnin aka sake masa suna Poltoratsk bayan wani juyin juya hali na cikin gida, Pavel Gerasimovich Poltoratskiy.[7]
Ko da yake a zahiri sunan yana nufin "birnin soyayya" ko "birni na ibada" a cikin Farisa na zamani, ana iya canza sunan ta hanyar ilimin al'adun gargajiya . Masanin tarihin Turkmen Ovez Gundogdiyev ya yi imanin cewa sunan ya koma zamanin Parthia, karni na 3 BC, wanda ya samo asali daga sunan wanda ya kafa daular Parthia, Arsaces I na Parthia, a cikin Ashk-Abad na Farisa (birni Ashk / Arsaces ).[8]
Taswiara
Ashgabat yana kusa da iyaka da kasar Iran . Ya mamaye wani fili mai tsananin girgizar ƙasa wanda ke iyaka da kudu da tsaunin Kopet Dag ( Turkmen . ) kuma a arewa ta jejin Karakum . An kewaye shi, amma baya cikin lardin Ahal ( Turkmen ). Matsayi mafi girma a cikin birni shine 401 metres (1,316 ft) babban dutsen yashi wanda aka gina Otal ɗin Yyldyz, amma galibin birni yana tsakanin mita 200 and 255 metres (656 and 837 ft) na girma. Canal na Karakum ya ratsa ta cikin birni.