تېربيوم

تېربيوم (په انگرېزي: Terbium) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Tb سمبول او ۶۵ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

Terbium,  ₆₅Tb

عمومي خواص
Pronunciation	/ˈtɜrbiəm/ TUR-bee-əm
Appearance	silvery white
Terbium په دوراني جدول کې
– ↑ Tb ↓ Bk gadolinium ← terbium → dysprosium ‍
اټومي شمیره (Z)	65
گروپ, پیریود	group n/a, period 6
بلاک	f-block
Element category	lanthanide
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)	کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)	جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى	1629 K ​(1356 °C, ​2473 °F)
يشنا ټکی	3396 K ​(3123 °C, ​5653 °F)
Density near r.t.	8.23 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	7.65 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	10.15 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	391 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	28.91 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1789 1979 (2201) (2505) (2913) (3491)
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1 ​(a weakly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.2 (?)
Ionization energies	1st: 565.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 1110 kJ/mol 3rd: 2114 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 177 pm
Covalent radius	194±5 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed of sound thin rod	2620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	at r.t. α, poly: 10.3 µm/(m·K)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه	11.1 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	α, poly: 1.150 µΩ·m (at r.t.)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic at 300 K
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)	+146,000·10−6 cm3/mol (273 K)[۲]
Young's modulus	α form: 55.7 GPa
Shear modulus	α form: 22.1 GPa
Bulk modulus	α form: 38.7 GPa
Poisson ratio	α form: 0.261
Vickers hardness	450–865 MPa
Brinell hardness	675–1200 MPa
CAS Number	7440-27-9
History
Naming	after Ytterby (Sweden), where it was mined
Discovery and first isolation	Carl Gustaf Mosander (1842)
Main isotopes of terbium
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 157Tb syn 71 y ε 157Gd کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2 159Tb 100% stable
view • talk • edit | references | in Wikidata