Citric acid

Citric acid is a weak organic acid wi the formula C₆H₈O₇. It is a naitural preservative/conservative an is an aa uised tae add an acidic or sour taste tae fuids an drinks. In biochemistry, the conjugate base o citric acid, citrate, is important as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism o aw aerobic organisms.

Citric acid

Names
IUPAC name 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
Ither names 3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid[1]
Identifiers
CAS Nummer	77-92-9 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive eemage
ChEBI	CHEBI:30769 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1261 Y
ChemSpider	305 Y
DrugBank	DB04272 Y
EC Nummer	201-069-1
KEGG	D00037 Y
PubChem CID	311
RTECS nummer	GE7350000
UNII	XF417D3PSL Y
InChI InChI=1S/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12) Y Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12) Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYAM
SMILES OC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H8O7
Molar mass	192.124 g/mol (anhydrous) 210.14 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance	crystalline white solid
Odour	odorless
Density	1.665 g/cm3(1.5g/cm3 for monohydrate)
Meltin pynt	156 °C (313 °F; 429 K)
Bylin pynt	310 °C (590 °F; 583 K)
Solubility in watter	59[2] g/100 ml (20 °C)
Solubility	very soluble in ethanol soluble in ether, ethyl acetate insoluble in benzene, chloroform
log P	-1.64
Acidity (pKa)	pKa1 = 3.14 pKa2 = 4.75 pKa3 = 6.39,[3] 6.40[4]
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy o formation ΔfHo298	-1548.8 kJ/mol
Hazards
Main hazards	skin an eye irritant
NFPA 704	1 2 0
Flash pynt	155 °C (311 °F)
Explosive leemits	1.8-4.8%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (Median dose)	3000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Relatit compoonds
Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (whit is YN ?)
Infobox references

Citric acid is a commodity chemical, an mair nor a million tonnes are produced every year bi fermentation. It is uised mainly as an acidifier, as a flavorin, an as a chelatin agent.