Indiana
Indiana sī Bí-kok ê chi̍t-ê chiu. Indianapolis sī i ê siú-hú kap siāng toā ê siâⁿ-chhī.
| Indiana Chiu State of Indiana | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
| Chhiok-hō: The Hoosier State | |||||
| Piau-gí: The Crossroads of America ("Bí-kok ê Si̍p-jī-lō͘-kháu") | |||||
| Chiu-koa: "On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away" | |||||
 | |||||
| Koan-hong gí-giân | Eng-gí | ||||
| Liû-thong gí-giân | Eng-gí, Se-pan-gâ-gí, kî-tha giân-gí | ||||
| Chū-bîn chheng-ho͘ | Hoosier | ||||
| Siú-hú (kiam siāng-tōa siâⁿ-chhī) | Indianapolis | ||||
| Siāng-tōa to͘-hōe | Greater Indianapolis | ||||
| Bīn-chek | Pâi-miâ tē-38 | ||||
| • Ha̍p-kè | 36,418 sq mi (94,321 km2) | ||||
| • Tang-sai khoah | 140 lí (225 km) | ||||
| • Lâm-pak khoah | 270 lí (435 km) | ||||
| • % chúi-bīn | 1.5 | ||||
| • Hūi-tō͘ | 37° 46′ N to 41° 46′ N | ||||
| • Keng-tō͘ | 84° 47′ W to 88° 6′ W | ||||
| Jîn-kháu | Pâi-miâ tē-17 | ||||
| • Ha̍p-kè | 6,691,878 (2018) | ||||
| • Bi̍t-tō͘ | 183/sq mi (70.7/km2) Pâi-miâ tē-16 | ||||
| • Hō͘-kháu siu-ji̍p tiong-ta̍t | $51,983 [1] (tē-35) | ||||
| Koân-tō͘ | |||||
| • Ko-tiám | Hoosier Hill[2][3] 1,257 ft (383 m) | ||||
| • Pêng-kin | 700 ft (210 m) | ||||
| • Kē-tiám | Ohio Khe kap Wabash Khe sio-tú-tiám[2][3] 320 ft (97 m) | ||||
| Siat chiu chìn-chêng | Indiana Léng-thó͘ | ||||
| Sin chiu seng-li̍p | D1816 nî 12 goe̍h 11 (tē-19) | ||||
| Chiu-tiúⁿ | Eric Holcomb (R) | ||||
| Hù-chiu-tiúⁿ | Suzanne Crouch (R) | ||||
| Li̍p-hoat | Chóng Chi̍p-hōe | ||||
| • Siōng-gī-īⁿ | Indiana Goân-ló-hōe | ||||
| • Hā-gī-īⁿ | Indiana Tāi-piáu-hōe | ||||
| Chham-gī-goân | Todd Young (R) Mike Braun (R) | ||||
| Chiòng-gī-īⁿ tāi-piáu | 7-ê Kiōng-hô-tóng, 2-ê Bîn-chú-tóng (lia̍t-toaⁿ) | ||||
| Sî-khu | |||||
| • 80 kūn | Eastern: UTC −5/−4 | ||||
| • 12 kūn | Central: UTC −6/−5 | ||||
| ISO 3166 | US-IN | ||||
| Kán-siá | IN, Ind. | ||||
| Bāng-chām | www | ||||
Tē-hō-miâ
Indiana ê ì-sù sī "Indian lâng ê Thó͘-tē", ia̍h kán-tan kóng "Indian Kok".[4] Che khí-goân chū Indiana chò léng-thó ê le̍k-sú. 1800 nî 5 goe̍h 7 ji̍t, Bí-kok Kok-hōe thong-kòe li̍p-hoat-àn, kā Sai-pak Léng-thó͘ koah chò nn̄g hūn, hō sai-pêng hit hūn sī Indian Léng-thó͘. Tī 1816 nî, Kok-hōe leh thong-kòe chi̍t hāng Sūi-khoân Hoat-àn (Enabling Act) beh khai-sí kā Indian kiàn-li̍p chò chiu-hūn ê sî, goân léng-thó͘ ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn pìⁿ chò beh li̍p sin chiu ê tē-khu.[5][6][7]
Koan-hong kā Indian ê chū-bîn hō chò Hoosier.[8] Chit jī ê gí-goân iáu koh bô chheng-hó, chóng nā chiàu Indiana Le̍k-sú Kio̍k (Indiana Historical Bureau) kap Indiana Le̍k-sú Hia̍p-hōe (Indiana Historical Society) chàn-sêng ê chú-liû lí-lūn, "Hoosier" ê lâi-goân sī Virginia, Carolina, kap Tennessee (Upland South tē-khu) kóng ê "nâ-á-tē-lâng" (backwoodsman), chháu-tē-lâng ê ì-sù.[9][10]
Le̍k-sú
Kó͘-Indian lâng tī Chêng 8000 nî ê sî toh lâi kài chit-ê só͘-chāi, he tng sī Pêng-hô Sî-tāi tú soah, pêng-hô iûⁿ--khì liáu-āu. In pun-sòaⁿ chò sè tīn kûn-thé, chia-ê Kó͘-Indian sī iû-bo̍k-bîn, thang lia̍h pí-lūn mastodon (chi̍t khoán kó͘-chhiūⁿ) téng tōng-bu̍t. In iā lī-ēng kak-gâm (chert), keng-kòe phut (chipping), kòng (knapping), kap phoe (flaking) ê hong-hoat chè-chō chio̍h-thâu ke-si.[11]
1679 nî, Hoat-kok thàm-hiám-ka René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle chò thâu-chi̍t-ê kòe Indian ê Au-chiu-lâng, khì kàu kin-á-ji̍t ê South Bend, tī leh Saint Joseph Khe piⁿ.[12] I kè-tang koh tńg hit-ūi liáu-kái tē-hng. Hoat-kok-hē Ka-ná-tah-lâng ê mô͘-phôe seng-lí-lâng bô lōa kú mā lâi kàu ūi, the̍h nâ-á, chu-pó, ke-si, whiskey kap bú-khì khì kap Bí-chiu Goân-chū-bîn ka-e̍k phôe-mn̂g.
1702 nî ê hit-chūn, Sieur Juchereau ūi Vincennes hū-kīn kiàn-li̍p khí thâu chi̍t keng bō͘-e̍k-chām. Tī 1715 nî, Sieur de Vincennes khí-siat Fort Miami tī leh Kekionga, tiō sī chit-má ê Fort Wayne. Chì 1717 nî, lēng-gōa chi̍t-ê Ka-ná-tah-lâng Picote de Beletre, mā siat Fort Ouiatenon tī Wabash Khe piⁿ, chhì beh khòng-chè Bí-chiu Goân-chū-bîn tùi Erie Ô͘ khì kàu Mississippi Kang ê bō͘-e̍k lō͘-sòaⁿ.
Keng-chè
Indiana tī 2015 nî ê GDP sī 336,053 pa̍h-bān bí-kim.[13] Chiàu 2015 nî ê chu-liāu, pún chiu siāng-chē jîn-kang ê sán-gia̍p sī chè-chō-gia̍p.[14]
Indiana tī 2015 nî kui tang ê n̂g-tāu sán-liōng ū 7.5 pa̍h-bān tòng.[15]
