Core cities of Japan

A core city (中核市, Chūkakushi) is a class or category of Japanese cities. It is a local administrative division created by the national government.[1] Core cities are delegated many functions normally carried out by prefectural governments, but not as many as designated cities. To become a candidate for core city status, a city must have a population greater than 300,000 and an area greater than 100 square kilometers, although special exceptions may be made by order of the cabinet for cities with populations under 300,000 but over 200,000.[2] After the abolition of special city status on April 1, 2015, any city with a population above 200,000 may apply for core city status.[3]

SapporoHakodate, HokkaidōAsahikawa, HokkaidōAomoriHachinoheMorioka, IwateSendaiAkitaYamagata, YamagataFukushima, FukushimaKōriyama, FukushimaIwaki, FukushimaMito, IbarakiTsukuba, IbarakiUtsunomiya, TochigiMaebashi, GunmaTakasaki, GunmaIsesaki, GunmaŌta, GunmaSaitama, SaitamaKawagoe, SaitamaKumagaya, SaitamaKawaguchi, SaitamaTokorozawa, SaitamaKasukabe, SaitamaSōkaKoshigaya, SaitamaChibaFunabashi, ChibaKashiwa, ChibaHachiōji, TokyoYokohamaKawasaki, KanagawaYokosuka, KanagawaHiratsuka, KanagawaOdawara, KanagawaChigasaki, KanagawaSagamiharaAtsugi, KanagawaYamato, KanagawaNiigataNagaoka, NiigataJōetsu, NiigataToyama, ToyamaKanazawa, IshikawaFukuiKōfu, YamanashiNagano, NaganoMatsumoto, NaganoGifuShizuoka, ShizuokaHamamatsuNumazu, ShizuokaFuji, ShizuokaNagoyaToyohashi, AichiOkazaki, AichiIchinomiya, AichiKasugai, AichiToyota, AichiYokkaichi, MieŌtsu, ShigaKyotoOsakaSakai, OsakaKishiwada, OsakaToyonaka, OsakaSuitaTakatsuki, OsakaHirakata, OsakaIbaraki, OsakaYao, OsakaNeyagawa, OsakaHigashiōsaka, OsakaKobeHimeji, HyōgoAmagasakiAkashi, HyōgoNishinomiyaKakogawa, HyōgoTakarazuka, HyōgoNara, NaraWakayamaTottoriMatsue, ShimaneOkayamaKurashiki, OkayamaHiroshimaKure, HiroshimaFukuyama, HiroshimaShimonosekiTakamatsu, KagawaMatsuyama, EhimeKōchi, KōchiKitakyushuFukuokaKurume, FukuokaSagaNagasakiSasebo, NagasakiKumamotoŌitaMiyazakiKagoshimaNaha, Okinawa
(Circle click-able)
― Designated cities
― Core cities
― Special cities

Application for designation is made by a city with the approval of both the city and prefectural assemblies.

History

The term "core city" was created by the first clause of Article 252, Section 22 of the Local Autonomy Law of Japan.[4]

List of core cities

As of 1 April 2021, 62 cities have been designated core cities:[3]

NameJapaneseFlagEmblemArea (km2)Population (2012)Date of designationRegionPrefectureMap
Akashi明石市 49.22290,9272018-04-01KansaiHyōgo
Akita秋田市 906.07322,2241997-04-01TōhokuAkita
Amagasaki尼崎市 49.77451,3532009-04-01KansaiHyōgo
Aomori青森市 824.61297,3482006-10-01TōhokuAomori
Asahikawa旭川市 747.6351,7652000-04-01Hokkaidō
Fukui福井市 536.41266,6122019-04-01ChūbuFukui
Fukushima福島市 767.72289,3552018-04-01TōhokuFukushima
Fukuyama福山市 518.14462,1441998-04-01ChūgokuHiroshima
Funabashi船橋市 85.62610,4922003-04-01KantōChiba
Gifu岐阜市 203.60412,7181996-04-01ChūbuGifu
Hachinohe八戸市 305.56241,6132017-01-01TōhokuAomori
Hachiōji八王子市 186.38579,7992015-04-01KantōTokyo
Hakodate函館市 677.89279,0562005-10-01Hokkaidō
Higashiōsaka東大阪市 61.78508,2672005-04-01KansaiOsaka
Himeji姫路市 534.43536,2181996-04-01KansaiHyōgo
Hirakata枚方市 65.08407,9972014-04-01KansaiOsaka
Ichinomiya一宮市 113.82379,6542021-04-01ChūbuAichi
Iwakiいわき市 1,232.02332,9941999-04-01TōhokuFukushima
Kagoshima鹿児島市 547.58607,2571996-04-01KyushuKagoshima
Kashiwa柏市 114.74404,8632008-04-01KantōChiba
Kanazawa金沢市 468.64462,7961996-04-01ChūbuIshikawa
Kawagoe川越市 109.13345,3612003-04-01KantōSaitama
Kawaguchi川口市 61.95561,7882018-04-01KantōSaitama
Kōchi高知市 309.22342,5681998-04-01ShikokuKōchi
Kōfu甲府市 212.47197,3182019-04-01ChūbuYamanashi
Kōriyama郡山市 757.20331,1401997-04-01TōhokuFukushima
Koshigaya越谷市 60.24328,0792015-04-01KantōSaitama
Kurashiki倉敷市 355.63477,0862002-04-01ChūgokuOkayama
Kure呉市 352.80236,5952016-04-01ChūgokuHiroshima
Kurume久留米市 229.96301,8212008-04-01KyushuFukuoka
Maebashi前橋市 311.59338,4812009-04-01KantōGunma
Matsue松江市 572.99208,1602018-04-01ChūgokuShimane
Matsumoto松本市 978.47239,4662021-04-01ChūbuNagano
Matsuyama松山市 429.40516,8232000-04-01ShikokuEhime
Mito水戸市 217.32269,1622020-04-01KantōIbaraki
Miyazaki宮崎市 643.67402,2891998-04-01KyushuMiyazaki
Morioka盛岡市 886.47299,7342008-04-01TōhokuIwate
Naha那覇市 39.98321,6952013-04-01KyushuOkinawa
Nagano長野市 834.81380,5811999-04-01ChūbuNagano
Nagasaki長崎市 240.71440,9111997-04-01KyushuNagasaki
Nara奈良市 276.84365,4212002-04-01KansaiNara
Neyagawa寝屋川市 24.73238,8192019-04-01KansaiOsaka
Nishinomiya西宮市 99.96483,8782008-04-01KansaiHyōgo
Ōita大分市 502.38476,0081997-04-01KyushuŌita
Okazaki岡崎市 387.20374,0852003-04-01ChūbuAichi
Ōtsu大津市 464.51339,4692009-04-01KansaiShiga
Sasebo佐世保市 426.06259,6762016-04-01KyushuNagasaki
Shimonoseki下関市 716.14277,9372005-10-01ChūgokuYamaguchi
Suita吹田市 36.11357,9172020-04-01KansaiOsaka
Takamatsu高松市 375.41420,3561999-04-01ShikokuKagawa
Takasaki高崎市 459.16371,8202011-04-01KantōGunma
Takatsuki高槻市 105.31355,8402003-04-01KansaiOsaka
Tottori鳥取市 765.31196,5382018-04-01ChūgokuTottori
Toyama富山市 1,241.77421,3932005-04-01ChūbuToyama
Toyohashi豊橋市 261.86375,8041999-04-01ChūbuAichi
Toyonaka豊中市 36.38390,4572012-04-01KansaiOsaka
Toyota豊田市 918.32420,6801998-04-01ChūbuAichi
Utsunomiya宇都宮市 416.85513,7221996-04-01KantōTochigi
Wakayama和歌山市 210.25368,6841997-04-01KansaiWakayama
Yamagata山形市 381.58254,5192019-04-01TōhokuYamagata
Yao八尾市 41.71270,7352018-04-01KansaiOsaka
Yokosuka横須賀市 100.7415,2592001-04-01KantōKanagawa

Former core cities

NameJapaneseFlagEmblemArea (km2)PopulationDate of designationDate of reclassificationRegionPrefectureMap
Hamamatsu浜松市 1,558.06795,3501996-04-012007-04-01 (Designated city)ChūbuShizuoka
Kumamoto熊本市 390.32737,8121996-04-012012-04-01 (Designated city)KyushuKumamoto
Niigata新潟市 726.45807,4501996-04-012007-04-01 (Designated city)ChūbuNiigata
Okayama岡山市 789.95720,8411996-04-012009-04-01 (Designated city)ChūgokuOkayama
Sagamihara相模原市 328.91720,9862003-04-012010-04-01 (Designated city)KantōKanagawa
Sakai堺市 149.82833,5441996-04-012006-04-01 (Designated city)KansaiOsaka
Shizuoka静岡市 1,411.90697,5781996-04-012005-04-01 (Designated city)ChūbuShizuoka

Scheduled to become a core city

NameJapaneseFlagEmblemArea (km2)Population (2012)Scheduled dateRegionPrefectureMap
Chigasaki茅ヶ崎市 35.71236,2222020-04-01KantōKanagawa
Fuji富士市 244.95253,455TBDChūbuShizuoka
Kishiwada岸和田市 72.68198,6152020-04-01KansaiOsaka
Odawara小田原市 113.79197,4132020-04-01KantōKanagawa
Tsukubaつくば市 283.72216,221TBDKantōIbaraki
Tokorozawa所沢市 72.11342,321TBDKantōSaitama
Yokkaichi四日市市 206.44307,5992020 (aiming)KansaiMie

Cities that meet the requirements but have not yet been nominated

The following cities have populations greater than 200,000 but have not yet been nominated. (Special cities and cities planning to apply for core city status are not shown.)

NameJapaneseFlagEmblemArea (km2)PopulationRegionPrefectureMap
Ageo上尾市 45.51229,517KantōSaitama
Chōfu調布市 21.58240,668KantōTokyo
Fuchū府中市 29.43260,891KantōTokyo
Fujisawa藤沢市 69.57420,254KantōKanagawa
Ichihara市原市 368.17274,117KantōChiba
Ichikawa市川市 56.39491,804KantōChiba
Machida町田市 71.80429,040KantōTokyo
Matsudo松戸市 61.38498,575KantōChiba
Nishitokyo西東京市 15.75206,047KantōTokyo
Tokushima徳島市 191258,554ShikokuTokushima
Tsu津市 711.11279,304KansaiMie

See also

References

External links