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List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

A country's gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita is the PPP value of all final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year, divided by the average (or mid-year) population for the same year. This is similar to nominal GDP per capita but adjusted for the cost of living in each country.

Countries or territories by GDP (PPP) per capita in 2024
  >$60,000
  $50,000 – $60,000
  $40,000 – $50,000
  $30,000 – $40,000
  $20,000 – $30,000
  $10,000 – $20,000
  $5,000 – $10,000
  $2,500 – $5,000
  $1,000 – $2,500
  <$1,000
  No data

In 2019, the estimated average GDP per capita (PPP) of all of the countries of the world was Int$ 18,381.[a] For rankings regarding wealth, see list of countries by wealth per adult.

Method

The gross domestic product (GDP) per capita figures on this page are derived from PPP calculations. Such calculations are prepared by various organizations, including the IMF and the World Bank. As estimates and assumptions have to be made, the results produced by different organizations for the same country are not hard facts and tend to differ, sometimes substantially, so they should be used with caution.

Comparisons of national wealth are frequently made based on nominal GDP and savings (not just income), which do not reflect differences in the cost of living in different countries (see List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita); hence, using a PPP basis is arguably more useful when comparing generalized differences in living standards between economies because PPP takes into account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries, rather than using only exchange rates, which may distort the real differences in income.

This is why GDP (PPP) per capita is often considered one of the indicators of a country's standard of living,[3][4] although this can be problematic because GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income. (See Standard of living and GDP.)

GDP (PPP) and GDP (PPP) per capita are usually measured by international dollar, which is a hypothetical currency that has the same purchasing power in every economy as the U.S. dollar in the United States.

Table

All figures are in current international dollars, and rounded to the nearest whole number.

The table initially ranks each country or territory with their latest available year's estimates, and can be reranked by any of the sources.

* Nearly all country links in the table connect to articles titled "Income in (country or territory)" or to "Economy of (country or territory)".

GDP per capita (current international dollar) by country or  territory, non-sovereign state or non-IMF member 
Country/TerritoryUN RegionIMF[5][6]World Bank[7]CIA[8][9][10]
EstimateYearEstimateYearEstimateYear
 Luxembourg *Europe143,7432024142,2142022115,7002021
 Liechtenstein *Europe——139,1002009
 Ireland *Europe133,8222024126,9052022102,5002021
 Singapore *Asia133,7372024127,5652022106,0002021
 Macau *Asia125,510202461,231202264,8002021
 Monaco *Europe——115,7002015
 Qatar *Asia112,2832024114,648202292,2002021
 United Arab Emirates *Asia96,846202487,729202269,7002021
 Bermuda *Americas—95,869202280,3002021
 Switzerland *Europe91,932202490,746202271,0002021
 San Marino *Europe86,989202459,451202056,4002020
 United States *Americas85,373202476,330202263,7002021
 Isle of Man *Europe——84,6002014
 Cayman Islands *Americas—84,280202267,5002021
 Norway *Europe82,8322024114,899202265,7002021
 Guyana *Americas80,137202440,642202221,9002021
 Denmark *Europe77,641202474,005202258,0002021
 Brunei *Asia77,534202469,275202260,1002021
 Taiwan *Asia76,8582024—47,8002019
 Hong Kong *Asia75,128202469,049202260,0002021
 Netherlands *Europe74,158202469,577202256,6002021
 Iceland *Europe73,784202469,081202253,6002020
 Falkland Islands *Americas——70,8002015
 Saudi Arabia *Asia70,333202459,065202244,3002021
 Austria *Europe69,460202467,936202254,1002021
 Sweden *Europe69,177202464,578202253,6002021
 Andorra *Europe69,1462024—49,9002015
 Belgium *Europe68,079202465,027202251,7002021
 Malta *Europe67,682202455,928202244,7002021
 Germany *Europe67,245202463,150202253,1002021
 Australia *Oceania66,627202462,625202249,8002021
 Bahrain *Asia62,671202461,228202249,4002021
 Gibraltar *Europe——61,7002014
 Finland *Europe60,851202459,027202248,8002021
 Canada *Americas60,495202458,400202247,9002021
 France *Europe60,339202455,493202245,0002021
 South Korea *Asia59,330202450,070202244,2002021
 United Kingdom *Europe58,880202454,603202245,0002021
 European Union *[n 1]Europe58,838202457,286202244,1002021
 Cyprus *Asia58,733[n 2]202449,931[n 2]202241,700[n 2]2021
 Italy *Europe56,905202451,865202241,9002021
 Jersey *Europe——56,6002016
 Israel *Asia55,533202449,509202242,1002021
 Aruba *Americas54,716202442,698202138,9002021
 Japan *Asia54,184202445,573202240,8002021
 New Zealand *Oceania53,797202451,967202242,9002021
 Slovenia *Europe53,287202450,032202240,0002021
 Guernsey *Europe——52,5002014
 Kuwait *Asia52,274202458,056202243,9002020
 Spain *Europe52,012202445,825202237,9002021
 Lithuania *Europe50,600202448,397202239,3002021
 Czech Republic *Europe50,475202449,946202240,7002020
 Sint Maarten (Dutch part) *Americas—49,541202235,3002018
 Poland *Europe49,060202443,269202234,9002021
 Portugal *Europe47,070202441,452202233,7002021
 Bahamas *Americas46,524202440,379202230,2002021
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon *Americas——46,2002006
 Croatia *Europe45,702202440,380202231,6002021
 Hungary *Europe45,692202441,907202233,6002021
 Estonia *Europe45,122202446,697202238,7002021
 Panama *Americas44,797202439,280202229,0002021
 Slovakia *Europe44,081202437,459202231,9002021
 Turkey *Asia43,921202437,274202231,5002021
 Puerto Rico *Americas43,219202440,498202232,6002021
 Romania *Europe43,179202441,888202230,8002021
 Seychelles *Africa43,151202435,228202228,8002021
 Greenland *Americas——41,8002015
 Latvia *Europe41,730202439,956202232,1002021
 Greece *Europe41,188202436,835202229,5002021
 Faroe Islands *Europe——40,0002014
 Oman *Asia39,859202441,724202234,3002021
 Malaysia *Asia39,030202433,434202226,3002021
 Saint Kitts and Nevis *Americas38,870202434,052202226,5002021
 Russia *Europe38,292202434,638202227,5002022
 Maldives *Asia37,433202424,772202218,8002021
 U.S. Virgin Islands *Americas——37,0002016
 Bulgaria *Europe35,963202433,582202224,4002020
 New Caledonia *Oceania——35,7002021
 Guam *Oceania——35,6002016
 Kazakhstan *Asia34,534202430,810202226,1002021
 British Virgin Islands *Americas——34,2002017
 Montserrat *Americas——34,0002011
 Trinidad and Tobago *Americas32,685202427,778202223,0002021
 Mauritius *Africa32,094202426,906202221,0002021
 Chile *Americas31,005202430,209202225,4002021
 Uruguay *Americas30,170202428,842202222,8002021
 Montenegro *Europe29,696202426,984202220,6002021
 Costa Rica *Americas28,558202424,923202221,2002021
 Serbia *Europe27,985202423,911202219,8002021
 Antigua and Barbuda *Americas27,309202425,337202219,1002021
 Curaçao *Americas—27,302202220,8002021
 Dominican Republic *Americas27,120202422,834202218,6002021
 Libya *Africa26,456202423,375202222,0002021
 Argentina *Americas26,390202426,505202221,5002021
 Mexico *Americas25,963202421,512202219,1002021
 Belarus *Europe25,685202422,591202219,8002021
 Georgia *Asia25,248[n 3]202420,113[n 3]202215,500[n 3]2021
 China *Asia25,015[n 4]202421,483[n 5]202217,600[n 4]2021
 Northern Mariana Islands *Oceania——24,5002016
 Turks and Caicos Islands *Americas—24,472202218,5002021
 World23,444[i]202420,946202217,0002021
 Thailand *Asia23,401202420,672202217,1002021
 North Macedonia *Europe22,249202420,162202216,5002021
 Grenada *Americas21,799202416,987202213,7002021
 Armenia *Asia21,746202418,942202214,2002021
 Iran *Asia21,220202418,075202212,4002020
 Brazil *Americas20,809202417,822202214,1002020
 Albania *Europe20,632202418,552202214,5002021
 Bosnia and Herzegovina *Europe20,623202420,377202215,7002021
 Barbados *Americas20,592202417,837202213,8002021
 Botswana *Africa20,097202418,323202214,8002021
 Colombia *Americas19,770202420,287202214,6002021
 Turkmenistan *Asia19,729202415,625201915,0002019
 Saint Lucia *Americas19,718202417,756202213,0002021
 Gabon *Africa19,452202416,471202213,8002021
 Azerbaijan *Asia19,328202417,764202214,4002021
 Saint Martin (French part) *Americas——19,3002005
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *Americas19,196202417,207202213,7002021
 Suriname *Americas18,928202417,620202214,8002021
 French Polynesia *Oceania——18,6002021
 Equatorial Guinea *Africa18,378202417,396202214,6002021
 Moldova *Europe17,902[n 6]202415,238[n 6]202214,000[n 6]2021
 Egypt *Africa17,614202415,091202211,6002021
 Fiji *Oceania17,403202414,125202210,4002021
 Palau *Oceania17,381202415,145202113,8002021
 Indonesia *Asia16,861202414,653202211,9002021
 Kosovo *Europe16,775202414,971202211,9002021
 Peru *Americas16,631202415,048202212,5002021
 Mongolia *Asia16,504202414,230202211,7002021
 Algeria *Africa16,483202413,210202211,0002021
 South Africa *Africa16,424202415,905202213,3002021
 Paraguay *Americas16,291202415,977202213,7002021
 Bhutan *Asia15,978202411,983202110,9002021
 Cook Islands *Oceania——15,6002022
 Vietnam *Asia15,470202413,457202210,6002021
 Ukraine *Europe15,464[n 7]202412,671[n 7]202212,900[n 7]2021
 Dominica *Americas15,280202413,573202210,9002021
 Ecuador *Americas14,485202412,822202210,7002021
 Sri Lanka *Asia14,255202214,405202213,4002021
 Tunisia *Africa13,645202412,490202210,4002021
 Jamaica *Americas13,543202411,82220229,6002021
 Eswatini *Africa12,637202410,78220228,9002021
 El Salvador *Americas12,561202411,09620229,1002021
 Jordan *Asia12,402202411,00320229,2002021
 Cuba *Americas——12,3002016
 Anguilla *Americas——12,2002008
 Philippines *Asia12,192202410,13320228,1002021
 Namibia *Africa12,008202411,20620229,1002021
 Iraq *Asia11,937202410,86220229,0002021
 Lebanon *Asia11,784202214,257202113,0002021
 Belize *Americas11,320202411,45120228,8002021
 American Samoa *Oceania——11,2002016
 Niue *Oceania——11,1002021
 Guatemala *Americas11,006202410,81820228,9002021
 Morocco *Africa10,94720249,51920228,100[n 8]2021
 Uzbekistan *Asia10,93620249,53320227,7002021
 Nauru *Oceania10,823202413,118202211,9002021
 Bolivia *Americas10,69320249,68420228,1002021
 Cape Verde *Africa10,304[n 9]20249,083[n 9]20226,100[n 9]2021
 Laos *Asia10,24220249,38420227,8002021
 India *Asia10,12320248,37920226,6002021
 Bangladesh *Asia9,41620247,39520225,9002021
 Venezuela *Americas8,486202417,40220117,7042018
 Cambodia *Asia8,28720245,34920224,4002021
 Nicaragua *Americas8,13720246,87520225,6002021
 Saint Helena, Ascension and
Tristan da Cunha		Africa——7,8002010
 Djibouti *Africa7,70720245,89320224,9002021
 Mauritania *Africa7,68020246,42420225,3002021
 Honduras *Americas7,50320246,74120225,6002021
 Tonga *Oceania7,46220246,74920216,1002021
 Ghana *Africa7,15620246,49820225,4002021
 Angola *Africa7,15320246,97420225,9002021
 Kenya *Africa6,97620245,76420224,7002021
 Pakistan *Asia6,95520246,43720225,2002021
 Ivory Coast *Africa6,86020246,53820225,3002021
 Kyrgyzstan *Asia6,79020246,13320224,8002021
 Samoa *Oceania6,72120246,04120225,5002021
 Nigeria *Africa6,34020245,86020224,9002021
 Marshall Islands *Oceania6,31320247,22820226,0002021
 Palestine *Asia6,057[n 10]20236,759[n 10]20225,600[n 11]2021
 Tuvalu *Oceania6,05620245,42120224,9002021
 Tokelau *Oceania——6,0042017
 Tajikistan *Asia5,83220244,88520223,9002021
 Myanmar *Asia5,20320244,87020224,400[n 12]2021
 Nepal *Asia5,03220244,72520223,8002021
 Cameroon *Africa4,84220244,40820223,7002021
 Congo *Africa4,74020243,79120223,2002021
 Micronesia *Oceania4,69020243,85520223,3002021
 Senegal *Africa4,66120244,20920223,5002021
 Benin *Africa4,55820244,05620223,3002021
 Zambia *Africa4,36120243,89420223,2002021
 São Tomé and Príncipe *Africa4,23820244,73820224,1002020
 Ethiopia *Africa4,01920242,81220222,3002021
 Wallis and Futuna *Oceania——3,8002004
 East Timor *Asia3,76720244,82820225,0002021
 Tanzania *Africa3,74620243,09720222,6002021
 Kiribati *Oceania3,61420242,36520221,9002021
 Papua New Guinea *Oceania3,53420244,44720223,7002022
 Comoros *Africa3,53220243,83220223,2002021
 Sudan *Africa3,44320244,21620223,7002021
 Rwanda *Africa3,36720242,79220222,2002021
 Guinea *Africa3,36620243,18720222,6002021
 Uganda *Africa3,34520242,69420222,2002021
 Guinea-Bissau *Africa3,23920242,19020221,8002021
 Lesotho *Africa3,22720242,69520222,3002021
 Haiti *Americas3,10820243,30520222,9002021
 GambiaAfrica2,99320242,51020222,1002021
 Zimbabwe *Africa2,97520242,53120222,1002021
 Vanuatu *Oceania2,93920243,28920222,8002021
 Togo *Africa2,91120242,60820222,1002021
 Syria *Asia——2,9002015
 Burkina Faso *Africa2,78120242,54620222,2002021
 Mali *Africa2,71420242,51720222,1002021
 Solomon Islands *Oceania2,71320242,65420222,4002021
 Chad *Africa2,62020241,66820221,4002021
 Sierra Leone *Africa2,18920241,93120221,6002021
 Afghanistan *Asia2,11620221,67420211,5002021
 Somalia *Africa2,06220241,36420221,1002021
 Yemen *Asia1,99620243,43720132,5002017
 Madagascar *Africa1,97920241,77420221,5002021
 Liberia *Africa1,88220241,72520221,4002021
 Malawi *Africa1,71220241,73220221,5002021
 North Korea *Asia——1,7002015
 Niger *Africa1,67520241,50520221,2002021
 Mozambique *Africa1,64920241,46820221,2002021
 Eritrea *Africa—1,62920111,6002017
 DR Congo *Africa1,55220241,33720221,1002021
 Central African Republic *Africa1,123202496720228002021
 Burundi *Africa916202483620227002021
 South Sudan *Africa45520241,18220151,6002017

Footnotes

Expanding the coverage of illegal economic activities in euro area national accounts

The share of the shadow economy is significant in many European countries, ranging from less than 10 to over 40 per cent of GDP.[12]Since 2014, EU member states have been encouraged by Eurostat, the official statistics body, to include some illegal activities.[13][14][15]

Distorted GDP-per-capita for tax havens

There are many natural economic reasons for GDP-per-capita to vary between jurisdictions (e.g. places rich in oil and gas tend to have high GDP-per-capita figures). However, it is increasingly being recognized that tax havens, or corporate tax havens, have distorted economic data which produces artificially high, or inflated, GDP-per-capita figures.[16] It is estimated that over 15% of global jurisdictions are tax havens (see tax haven lists).[17] An IMF investigation estimates that circa 40% of global foreign direct investment flows, which heavily influence the GDP of various jurisdictions, are described as "phantom" transactions.[18]

A stunning $12 trillion—almost 40 per cent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real activity. These investments in empty corporate shells almost always pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Singapore—host more than 85 per cent of the world's investment in special purpose entities, which are often set up for tax reasons.

— "Piercing the Veil", International Monetary Fund, June 2018[18]

In 2017, Ireland's economic data became so distorted by U.S. multinational tax avoidance strategies (see leprechaun economics), also known as BEPS actions, that Ireland effectively abandoned GDP (and GNP) statistics as credible measures of its economy, and created a replacement statistic called modified gross national income (or GNI*). Ireland is one of the world's largest corporate tax havens.

Ireland has, more or less, stopped using GDP to measure its economy. And on current trends [because Irish GDP is distorting EU-28 aggregate data], the eurozone taken as a whole may need to consider something similar.

— Brad Setser, Council on Foreign Relations, "Ireland exports its Leprechaun", 25 April 2018[19]

The statistical distortions created by the impact on the Irish National Accounts of the global assets and activities of a handful of large multinational corporations have now become so large as to make a mockery of conventional uses of Irish GDP.

— Patrick Honohan, ex-Governor of the Central Bank of Ireland, 13 July 2016[20]

A list of the top 15 GDP-per-capita countries from 2016 to 2017, contains most of the major global tax havens (see GDP-per-capita tax haven proxy for more detail):

International Monetary Fund (2017)World Bank (2016)[21][22]
RankCountry/TerritoryType
1  QatarOil & Gas
—  MacauTax haven (Sink OFC)
2  LuxembourgTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
3  SingaporeTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
4  BruneiOil & Gas
5  IrelandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
6  NorwayOil & Gas
7  KuwaitOil & Gas
8  United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas
9   SwitzerlandTop 10 Tax Haven (Conduit OFC)
—  Hong KongTop 10 Tax Haven (Sink OFC)
10  San MarinoTax haven (Sink OFC)
11  United States59,495
12  Saudi ArabiaOil & Gas
13  NetherlandsTop 10 Tax Haven (Conduit OFC)
14  Iceland52,150
15  BahrainOil & Gas
RankCountry/TerritoryType
1  QatarOil & Gas
2  LuxembourgTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
—  MacauTax haven (Sink OFC)
3  SingaporeTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
4  BruneiOil & Gas
5  United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas
6  IrelandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
7   SwitzerlandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
8  NorwayOil & Gas
—  Hong KongTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
9  United States57,467
10  Saudi ArabiaOil & Gas
11  Iceland51,399
12  NetherlandsTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
13  Austria50,078
14  Denmark49,496
15  Sweden49,175

See also

Notes

References

External links

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