User:Pennyloaf17/sandbox

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Союз Советских Социалистических Республик Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik
1922–1991
Flag (1955–1991) State emblem (1956–1991)
Motto:  "Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!" "Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes'!" ("Workers of the world, unite!")
Anthem:  "The Internationale" "Internatsional" (1922–1944) "State Anthem of the Soviet Union"[1] "Gosudarstvennyy Gimn Sovetskogo Soyuza" (1944–1991)
The Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991
Capital and largest city	Moscow 55°45′N 37°37′E / 55.750°N 37.617°E / 55.750; 37.617
Official languages	Russian[a][2]
Recognised regional languages	Ukrainian Belarusian Uzbek Kazakh Georgian Azerbaijani Lithuanian Moldavian Latvian Kyrgyz Tajik Armenian Turkmen Estonian
Minority languages	Abkhaz Bashkir Buryat Finnish Volga German Korean Ossetian Tatar various others
Ethnic groups (1989)	70% East Slavs 12% Turkic 18% other
Religion	Secular state[1][2] State atheism[b]
Demonym(s)	Soviet
Government	1922–1927: Federal Marxist one-party socialist state 1927–1953: Stalinist one-party totalitarian dictatorship[3][4][5] 1953–1990: Federal Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist state[6][7][8][9] 1990–1991: Federal semi-presidential republic[10]
Leader
• 1922–1924	Vladimir Lenin
• 1924–1953	Joseph Stalin
• 1953[c]	Georgy Malenkov
• 1953–1964	Nikita Khrushchev
• 1964–1982	Leonid Brezhnev
• 1982–1984	Yuri Andropov
• 1984–1985	Konstantin Chernenko
• 1985–1991	Mikhail Gorbachev
Head of state
• 1922–1946 (first)	Mikhail Kalinin
• 1988–1991 (last)	Mikhail Gorbachev
Head of government
• 1922–1924 (first)	Vladimir Lenin
• 1991 (last)	Ivan Silayev
Legislature	Congress of Soviets (1922–1938) Supreme Soviet (1938–1991)
• Upper house	Soviet of Nationalities
• Lower house	Soviet of the Union
Historical era	20th century
• Established	30 December 1922
• Civil War ended	16 June 1923
• Operation Barbarossa	22 June 1941
• Victory in World War II	9 May 1945
• Last constitution	9 October 1977
• August Coup	19–22 August 1991
• Belovezha Accords	8 December 1991
• Accords effective	26 December 1991[3]
Area
• Total	22,402,200 km2 (8,649,500 sq mi)
Population
• 1991 estimate	293,000,000 (3rd)
• Density	8.4/km2 (21.8/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	1990 estimate
• Total	$2.7 trillion[11] (2nd)
• Per capita	$9,200
GDP (nominal)	1990 estimate
• Total	$2.7 trillion[11] (2nd)
• Per capita	$9,200 (28th)
Gini (1989)	0.275 low
Currency	Soviet ruble (руб) (SUR)
Time zone	(UTC+2 to +12)
Date format	dd-mm-yyyy
Driving side	right
Calling code	+7
ISO 3166 code	SU
Internet TLD	.su[4]
Preceded by Succeeded by Bukharan PSR Byelorussian SSR Estonia Finland Khorezm PSR Kingdom of Romania Latvia Lithuania Russian SFSR Second Polish Republic Transcaucasian SFSR Tuvan PR Ukrainian SSR Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan
Notes ^ Declaration № 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, formally establishing the dissolution of the Soviet Union as a state and subject of international law (in Russian). ^ Original lyrics used from 1944 to 1956 praised Stalin. No lyrics from 1956 to 1977. Revised lyrics from 1977 to 1991 displayed. ^ All-union official since 1990, constituent republics had the right to declare their own official languages. ^ Assigned on 19 September 1990, existing onwards.

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