ISO 4217

In 1973, the ISO Technical Committee 68 decided to develop codes for the representation of currencies and funds for use in any application of trade, commerce or banking. At the 17th session (February 1978), the related UN/ECE Group of Experts agreed that the three-letter alphabetic codes for International Standard ISO 4217, "Codes for the representation of currencies and funds", would be suitable for use in international trade.

Over time, new currencies are created and old currencies are discontinued. Such changes usually originate from the formation of new countries, treaties between countries on shared currencies or monetary unions, or redenomination from an existing currency due to excessive inflation. As a result, the list of codes must be updated from time to time. The ISO 4217 maintenance agency is responsible for maintaining the list of codes.^[3]

National currencies

In the case of national currencies, the first two letters of the alpha code are the two letters of the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code and the third is usually the initial of the currency's main unit.^[4] So Japan's currency code is JPY: "JP" for Japan and "Y" for yen. This eliminates the problem caused by the names dollar, franc, peso and pound being used in dozens of countries, each having significantly differing values. While in most cases the ISO code resembles an abbreviation of the currency's full English name, this is not always the case, as currencies such as the Algerian dinar, Aruban florin, Cayman dollar, renminbi, sterling and the Swiss franc have been assigned codes which do not closely resemble abbreviations of the official currency names.

In some cases, the third letter of the alpha code is not the initial letter of a currency unit name. There may be a number of reasons for this:

• It is considered important that the code of a completely new currency be highly mnemonic if possible. An example is the assignment of the code EUR to the euro. ISO 4217 amendment 94,^[5] which created this code, states "The code element 'EU' has been reserved by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency for use within ISO 4217 where 'R' has been appended to make an acceptable mnemonic code." Here the R comes from the third letter in the word "euro".
• The currency in question is replacing another currency of the same name, due to devaluation. So that the two currencies have different codes, a different third letter must be chosen for the code of the new currency. In some cases, the third letter is the initial for "new" in that country's language, to distinguish it from an older currency that was revalued; the code sometimes outlasts the usage of the term "new" itself (for example, the code for the Mexican peso is MXN). Another solution to a devalued currency having the same name as its predecessor is to choose a third letter which results in a 3-letter code with mnemonic significance. For example, the Russian ruble changed from RUR to RUB following a devaluation, where the B comes from the third letter in the word "ruble".^{[citation needed]}

X currencies (funds, precious metals, supranationals, other)

In addition to codes for most active national currencies ISO 4217 provides codes for "supranational" currencies, procedural purposes, and several things which are "similar to" currencies:

• Codes for the precious metals gold (XAU), silver (XAG), palladium (XPD), and platinum (XPT) are formed by prefixing the element's chemical symbol with the letter "X". These "currency units" are defined as one troy ounce of the specified metal.
• The code XTS is reserved for use in testing.
• The code XXX is used to denote a "transaction" involving no currency.
• There are also codes specifying certain monetary instruments used in international finance, e.g. XDR is the symbol for special drawing right issued by the International Monetary Fund.
• The codes for most supranational currencies, such as the East Caribbean dollar, the CFP franc, the CFA franc BEAC and the CFA franc BCEAO. The predecessor to the euro, the European Currency Unit (ECU), had the code XEU.

The use of an initial letter "X" for these purposes is facilitated by the ISO 3166 rule that no official country code beginning with X will ever be assigned.

The inclusion of EU (denoting the European Union) in the ISO 3166-1 reserved codes list allows the euro to be coded as EUR rather than assigned a code beginning with X, even though it is a supranational currency.

Numeric codes

ISO 4217 also assigns a three-digit numeric code to each currency. This numeric code is usually the same as the numeric code assigned to the corresponding country by ISO 3166-1. For example, USD (United States dollar) has numeric code 840 which is also the ISO 3166-1 code for "US" (United States).

Active codes (list one)

The following is a list of active codes of official ISO 4217 currency names as of 1 April 2022^[update].In the standard the values are called "alphabetic code", "numeric code", "minor unit", and "entity".

Active ISO 4217 currency codes^[1]

Code	Num	D[a]	Currency	Locations listed for this currency[b]
AED	784	2	United Arab Emirates dirham	United Arab Emirates
AFN	971	2	Afghan afghani	Afghanistan
ALL	008	2	Albanian lek	Albania
AMD	051	2	Armenian dram	Armenia
ANG	532	2	Netherlands Antillean guilder	Curaçao (CW),  Sint Maarten (SX)
AOA	973	2	Angolan kwanza	Angola
ARS	032	2	Argentine peso	Argentina
AUD	036	2	Australian dollar	Australia,  Christmas Island (CX),  Cocos (Keeling) Islands (CC),  Heard Island and McDonald Islands (HM),  Kiribati (KI),  Nauru (NR),  Norfolk Island (NF),  Tuvalu (TV)
AWG	533	2	Aruban florin	Aruba
AZN	944	2	Azerbaijani manat	Azerbaijan
BAM	977	2	Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark	Bosnia and Herzegovina
BBD	052	2	Barbados dollar	Barbados
BDT	050	2	Bangladeshi taka	Bangladesh
BGN	975	2	Bulgarian lev	Bulgaria
BHD	048	3	Bahraini dinar	Bahrain
BIF	108	0	Burundian franc	Burundi
BMD	060	2	Bermudian dollar	Bermuda
BND	096	2	Brunei dollar	Brunei
BOB	068	2	Boliviano	Bolivia
BOV	984	2	Bolivian Mvdol (funds code)	Bolivia
BRL	986	2	Brazilian real	Brazil
BSD	044	2	Bahamian dollar	Bahamas
BTN	064	2	Bhutanese ngultrum	Bhutan
BWP	072	2	Botswana pula	Botswana
BYN	933	2	Belarusian ruble	Belarus
BZD	084	2	Belize dollar	Belize
CAD	124	2	Canadian dollar	Canada
CDF	976	2	Congolese franc	Democratic Republic of the Congo
CHE	947	2	WIR euro (complementary currency)	Switzerland
CHF	756	2	Swiss franc	Switzerland,  Liechtenstein (LI)
CHW	948	2	WIR franc (complementary currency)	Switzerland
CLF	990	4	Unidad de Fomento (funds code)	Chile
CLP	152	0	Chilean peso	Chile
CNY	156	2	Renminbi[6]	China
COP	170	2	Colombian peso	Colombia
COU	970	2[7]	Unidad de Valor Real (UVR) (funds code)[7]	Colombia
CRC	188	2	Costa Rican colon	Costa Rica
CUP	192	2	Cuban peso	Cuba
CVE	132	2	Cape Verdean escudo	Cabo Verde
CZK	203	2	Czech koruna	Czechia[8]
DJF	262	0	Djiboutian franc	Djibouti
DKK	208	2	Danish krone	Denmark,  Faroe Islands (FO),  Greenland (GL)
DOP	214	2	Dominican peso	Dominican Republic
DZD	012	2	Algerian dinar	Algeria
EGP	818	2	Egyptian pound	Egypt
ERN	232	2	Eritrean nakfa	Eritrea
ETB	230	2	Ethiopian birr	Ethiopia
EUR	978	2	Euro	Åland Islands (AX),  European Union (EU),  Andorra (AD)[c],  Austria (AT),  Belgium (BE),  Croatia (HR),  Cyprus (CY),  Estonia (EE),  Finland (FI),  France (FR),  French Guiana (GF),  French Southern and Antarctic Lands (TF),  Germany (DE),  Greece (GR),  Guadeloupe (GP),  Ireland (IE),  Italy (IT),  Kosovo (XK)[d],  Latvia (LV),  Lithuania (LT),  Luxembourg (LU),  Malta (MT),  Martinique (MQ),  Mayotte (YT),  Monaco (MC)[c],  Montenegro (ME)[d],  Netherlands (NL),  Portugal (PT),  Réunion (RE),  Saint Barthélemy (BL),  Saint Martin (MF),  Saint Pierre and Miquelon (PM),  San Marino (SM)[c],  Slovakia (SK),  Slovenia (SI),  Spain (ES),  Vatican City (VA)[c]
FJD	242	2	Fiji dollar	Fiji
FKP	238	2	Falkland Islands pound	Falkland Islands (pegged to GBP 1:1)
GBP	826	2	Pound sterling	United Kingdom,  Isle of Man (IM, see Manx pound),  Jersey (JE, see Jersey pound),  Guernsey (GG, see Guernsey pound),  Tristan da Cunha (SH-TA)
GEL	981	2	Georgian lari	Georgia
GHS	936	2	Ghanaian cedi	Ghana
GIP	292	2	Gibraltar pound	Gibraltar (pegged to GBP 1:1)
GMD	270	2	Gambian dalasi	Gambia
GNF	324	0	Guinean franc	Guinea
GTQ	320	2	Guatemalan quetzal	Guatemala
GYD	328	2	Guyanese dollar	Guyana
HKD	344	2	Hong Kong dollar	Hong Kong
HNL	340	2	Honduran lempira	Honduras
HTG	332	2	Haitian gourde	Haiti
HUF	348	2	Hungarian forint	Hungary
IDR	360	2	Indonesian rupiah	Indonesia
ILS	376	2	Israeli new shekel	Israel
INR	356	2	Indian rupee	India,  Bhutan
IQD	368	3	Iraqi dinar	Iraq
IRR	364	2	Iranian rial	Iran
ISK	352	0	Icelandic króna (plural: krónur)	Iceland
JMD	388	2	Jamaican dollar	Jamaica
JOD	400	3	Jordanian dinar	Jordan
JPY	392	0	Japanese yen	Japan
KES	404	2	Kenyan shilling	Kenya
KGS	417	2	Kyrgyzstani som	Kyrgyzstan
KHR	116	2	Cambodian riel	Cambodia
KMF	174	0	Comoro franc	Comoros
KPW	408	2	North Korean won	North Korea
KRW	410	0[e]	South Korean won	South Korea
KWD	414	3	Kuwaiti dinar	Kuwait
KYD	136	2	Cayman Islands dollar	Cayman Islands
KZT	398	2	Kazakhstani tenge	Kazakhstan
LAK	418	2	Lao kip	Laos
LBP	422	2	Lebanese pound	Lebanon
LKR	144	2	Sri Lankan rupee	Sri Lanka
LRD	430	2	Liberian dollar	Liberia
LSL	426	2	Lesotho loti	Lesotho
LYD	434	3	Libyan dinar	Libya
MAD	504	2	Moroccan dirham	Morocco,  Western Sahara
MDL	498	2	Moldovan leu	Moldova
MGA	969	2[f]	Malagasy ariary	Madagascar
MKD	807	2	Macedonian denar	North Macedonia
MMK	104	2	Myanmar kyat	Myanmar
MNT	496	2	Mongolian tögrög	Mongolia
MOP	446	2	Macanese pataca	Macau
MRU	929	2[f][10]	Mauritanian ouguiya	Mauritania
MUR	480	2	Mauritian rupee	Mauritius
MVR	462	2	Maldivian rufiyaa	Maldives
MWK	454	2	Malawian kwacha	Malawi
MXN	484	2	Mexican peso	Mexico
MXV	979	2	Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI) (funds code)	Mexico
MYR	458	2	Malaysian ringgit	Malaysia
MZN	943	2	Mozambican metical	Mozambique
NAD	516	2	Namibian dollar	Namibia (pegged to ZAR 1:1)
NGN	566	2	Nigerian naira	Nigeria
NIO	558	2	Nicaraguan córdoba	Nicaragua
NOK	578	2	Norwegian krone	Norway,  Svalbard and  Jan Mayen (SJ),  Bouvet Island (BV)
NPR	524	2	Nepalese rupee	Nepal
NZD	554	2	New Zealand dollar	New Zealand,  Cook Islands (CK),  Niue (NU),  Pitcairn Islands (PN; see also Pitcairn Islands dollar),  Tokelau (TK)
OMR	512	3	Omani rial	Oman
PAB	590	2	Panamanian balboa	Panama
PEN	604	2	Peruvian sol	Peru
PGK	598	2	Papua New Guinean kina	Papua New Guinea
PHP	608	2	Philippine peso[11]	Philippines
PKR	586	2	Pakistani rupee	Pakistan
PLN	985	2	Polish złoty	Poland
PYG	600	0	Paraguayan guaraní	Paraguay
QAR	634	2	Qatari riyal	Qatar
RON	946	2	Romanian leu	Romania
RSD	941	2	Serbian dinar	Serbia
RUB	643	2	Russian ruble	Russia
RWF	646	0	Rwandan franc	Rwanda
SAR	682	2	Saudi riyal	Saudi Arabia
SBD	090	2	Solomon Islands dollar	Solomon Islands
SCR	690	2	Seychelles rupee	Seychelles
SDG	938	2	Sudanese pound	Sudan
SEK	752	2	Swedish krona (plural: kronor)	Sweden
SGD	702	2	Singapore dollar	Singapore
SHP	654	2	Saint Helena pound	Saint Helena (SH-SH),  Ascension Island (SH-AC)
SLE	925	2	Sierra Leonean leone (new leone)[12][13][14]	Sierra Leone
SLL	694	2	Sierra Leonean leone (old leone)[12][13][14][15]	Sierra Leone
SOS	706	2	Somalian shilling	Somalia
SRD	968	2	Surinamese dollar	Suriname
SSP	728	2	South Sudanese pound	South Sudan
STN	930	2[16]	São Tomé and Príncipe dobra	São Tomé and Príncipe
SVC	222	2	Salvadoran colón	El Salvador
SYP	760	2	Syrian pound	Syria
SZL	748	2	Swazi lilangeni	Eswatini[11]
THB	764	2	Thai baht	Thailand
TJS	972	2	Tajikistani somoni	Tajikistan
TMT	934	2	Turkmenistan manat	Turkmenistan
TND	788	3	Tunisian dinar	Tunisia
TOP	776	2	Tongan paʻanga	Tonga
TRY	949	2	Turkish lira	Turkey
TTD	780	2	Trinidad and Tobago dollar	Trinidad and Tobago
TWD	901	2	New Taiwan dollar	Taiwan
TZS	834	2	Tanzanian shilling	Tanzania
UAH	980	2	Ukrainian hryvnia	Ukraine
UGX	800	0	Ugandan shilling	Uganda
USD	840	2	United States dollar	United States,  American Samoa (AS),  British Indian Ocean Territory (IO) (also uses GBP),  British Virgin Islands (VG),  Caribbean Netherlands (BQ – Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba),  Ecuador (EC),  El Salvador (SV),  Guam (GU),  Marshall Islands (MH),  Federated States of Micronesia (FM),  Northern Mariana Islands (MP),  Palau (PW),  Panama (PA) (as well as Panamanian Balboa),  Puerto Rico (PR),  Timor-Leste (TL),  Turks and Caicos Islands (TC),  U.S. Virgin Islands (VI),  United States Minor Outlying Islands (UM)
USN	997	2	United States dollar (next day) (funds code)	United States
UYI	940	0	Uruguay Peso en Unidades Indexadas (URUIURUI) (funds code)	Uruguay
UYU	858	2	Uruguayan peso	Uruguay
UYW	927	4	Unidad previsional[17]	Uruguay
UZS	860	2	Uzbekistani sum	Uzbekistan
VED	926	2	Venezuelan digital bolívar[18]	Venezuela
VES	928	2	Venezuelan sovereign bolívar[11]	Venezuela
VND	704	0	Vietnamese đồng	Vietnam
VUV	548	0	Vanuatu vatu	Vanuatu
WST	882	2	Samoan tala	Samoa
XAF	950	0	CFA franc BEAC	Cameroon (CM),  Central African Republic (CF),  Republic of the Congo (CG),  Chad (TD),  Equatorial Guinea (GQ),  Gabon (GA)
XAG	961	.	Silver (one troy ounce)
XAU	959	.	Gold (one troy ounce)
XBA	955	.	European Composite Unit (EURCO) (bond market unit)
XBB	956	.	European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6) (bond market unit)
XBC	957	.	European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9) (bond market unit)
XBD	958	.	European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17) (bond market unit)
XCD	951	2	East Caribbean dollar	Anguilla (AI),  Antigua and Barbuda (AG),  Dominica (DM),  Grenada (GD),  Montserrat (MS),  Saint Kitts and Nevis (KN),  Saint Lucia (LC),  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (VC)
XDR	960	.	Special drawing rights	International Monetary Fund
XOF	952	0	CFA franc BCEAO	Benin (BJ),  Burkina Faso (BF),  Côte d'Ivoire (CI),  Guinea-Bissau (GW),  Mali (ML),  Niger (NE),  Senegal (SN),  Togo (TG)
XPD	964	.	Palladium (one troy ounce)
XPF	953	0	CFP franc (franc Pacifique)	French territories of the Pacific Ocean:  French Polynesia (PF),  New Caledonia (NC),  Wallis and Futuna (WF)
XPT	962	.	Platinum (one troy ounce)
XSU	994	.	SUCRE	Unified System for Regional Compensation (SUCRE)[19]
XTS	963	.	Code reserved for testing
XUA	965	.	ADB Unit of Account	African Development Bank[20]
XXX	999	.	No currency
YER	886	2	Yemeni rial	Yemen
ZAR	710	2	South African rand	Eswatini,  Lesotho,  Namibia,  South Africa
ZMW	967	2	Zambian kwacha	Zambia
ZWL	932	2	Zimbabwean dollar (fifth)[g]	Zimbabwe

According to UN/CEFACT recommendation 9, paragraphs 8–9 ECE/TRADE/203, 1996:^[21]

8. In applications where monetary resources associated with a currency (i.e. funds) need not be specified and where a field identifier indicating currency is used, the first two (leftmost) characters are sufficient to identify a currency—example: US for United States dollars for general, unspecified purposes where a field identifier indicating currency is present. (A field identifier can be a preprinted field heading in an aligned document or a similarly-agreed application in electronic transmission of data.)

9. In applications where there is a need to distinguish between types of currencies, or where funds are required as in the banking environment, or where there is no field identifier, the third (rightmost) character of the alphabetic code is an indicator, preferably mnemonic, derived from the name of the major currency unit or fund—example: USD for general, unspecified purposes; USN for United States dollar next-day funds, and USS for funds which are immediately available for Federal Reserve transfer, withdrawal in cash or transfer in like funds (same-day funds). Since there is no need for such a distinction in international trade applications, the funds codes have not been included in the Annex to the present Recommendation.

Historical codes

A number of currencies had official ISO 4217 currency codes and currency names until their replacement by another currency. The table below shows the ISO currency codes of former currencies and their common names (which do not always match the ISO 4217 names). That table has been introduced end 1988 by ISO.^[22]

Minor unit fractions

The 2008 (7th) edition of ISO 4217 says the following about minor units of currency:

Requirements sometimes arise for values to be expressed in terms of minor units of currency. When this occurs, it is necessary to know the decimal relationship that exists between the currency concerned and its minor unit. This information has therefore been included in this International Standard and is shown in the column headed "Minor unit" in Tables A.1 and A.2; "0" means that there is no minor unit for that currency, whereas "1", "2" and "3" signify a ratio of 10:1, 100:1 and 1000:1 respectively. The names of the minor units are not given.

Examples for the ratios of 100:1 and 1000:1 include the United States dollar and the Bahraini dinar, for which the column headed "Minor unit" shows "2" and "3", respectively. As of 2021^[update], two currencies have non-decimal ratios, the Mauritanian ouguiya and the Malagasy ariary; in both cases the ratio is 5:1. For these, the "Minor unit" column shows the number "2". Some currencies, such as the Burundian franc, do not in practice have any minor currency unit at all. These show the number "0", as with currencies whose minor units are unused due to negligible value.^{[citation needed]}

Code position in amount formatting

The ISO standard does not regulate either the spacing, prefixing or suffixing in usage of currency codes. The style guide of the European Union's Publication Office declares that, for texts issued by or through the Commission in English, Irish, Latvian and Maltese, the ISO 4217 code is to be followed by a "hard space" (non-breaking space) and the amount:^[41]

a sum of EUR 30

and for texts in Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Lithuanian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish and Swedish the order is reversed; the amount is followed by a non-breaking space and the ISO 4217 code:

une somme de 30 EUR

As illustrated, the order is determined not by the currency but by the native language of the document context.

USD, USN: two US currency codes

The US dollar has two codes assigned: USD and USN ("US dollar next day"). The USS (same day) code is not in use any longer, and was removed from the list of active ISO 4217 codes in March 2014.

Currencies without ISO 4217 currency codes

A number of active currencies do not have an ISO 4217 code, because they may be:

• (1) a minor currency pegged at par (1:1) to a larger currency, even if independently regulated,
• (2) a currency only used for commemorative banknotes or coins, or
• (3) a currency of an unrecognized or partially recognized state. These currencies include:
• Abkhazian apsar
• Alderney pound (1:1 pegged to sterling)
• Artsakh dram
• Cook Islands dollar (1:1 pegged to the New Zealand dollar)
• Faroese króna (1:1 pegged to the Danish krone)
• Guernsey pound (1:1 pegged to sterling)
• Isle of Man pound (1:1 pegged to sterling)
• Jersey pound (1:1 pegged to sterling)
• Kiribati dollar (1:1 pegged to the Australian dollar)
• Maltese scudo (1:0.24 pegged to the euro^[42])
• Real Time Gross Settlement dollar (ZWL occasionally used)
• Sahrawi peseta (pegged to the euro), sometimes given the code "EHP" but this has not been assigned by the ISO
• Somaliland shilling (state of issue is viewed as de jure part of Somalia, exchange rate not fixed)
• Transnistrian ruble (state of issue is viewed as de jure part of Moldova)
• Tuvaluan dollar (1:1 pegged to the Australian dollar)
• Zimbabwean bonds

See Category:Fixed exchange rate for a list of all currently pegged currencies.

Non-standard codes

Despite having no presence or status in the standard, three letter acronyms that resemble ISO 4217 coding are sometimes used locally or commercially to represent de facto currencies or currency instruments.

The following non-ISO codes were used in the past.

Unofficial codes for minor units of currency

Minor units of currency (also known as currency subdivisions or currency subunits) are often used for pricing and trading stocks and other assets, such as energy,^[67] but are not assigned codes by ISO 4217. Two conventions for representing minor units are in widespread use:

• Replacing the third letter of the ISO 4217 Code of the parent currency with an upper-case "X". Examples are GBX^[68][67][69] for penny sterling, USX^[68] for the US Cent, EUX^[68][67] for the Euro Cent.
• Replacing the third letter of the ISO 4217 Code of the parent currency with the first letter of the name of a minor unit, using lower-case. Examples are GBp^[70][69] for Penny Sterling, USc^[70] for the US Cent, EUc^[70] for the Euro Cent.

A third convention is similar to the second one but uses an upper-case letter, e.g. ZAC^[71] for the South African Cent.

Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies have not been assigned an ISO 4217 code.^[72] However, some cryptocurrencies and cryptocurrency exchanges use a three-letter acronym that resemble an ISO 4217 code.

• ISO 9362 – SWIFT business identifier coding standard
  • SWIFT – Financial telecommunication network
• Currency symbol – Symbol used to represent a monetary currency's name
• List of circulating currencies
• Tables of historical exchange rates to the United States dollar
• List of international trade topics