Template:Infobox hydrogen

Hydrogen, 1H
Purple glow in its plasma state
Hydrogen
AppearanceColorless gas
Standard atomic weight Ar°(H)
[1.007841.00811][1]
Hydrogen in the periodic table
HydrogenHelium
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H

Li
Neutroniumhydrogenhelium
Atomic number (Z)1
Groupgroup 1: hydrogen and alkali metals
Periodperiod 1
Block  s-block
Electron configuration1s1
Electrons per shell1
Physical properties
Phase at STPgas
Melting point(H
2
) 13.99 K ​(−259.16 °C, ​−434.49 °F)
Boiling point(H
2
) 20.271 K ​(−252.879 °C, ​−423.182 °F)
Density (at STP)0.08988 g/L
when liquid (at m.p.)0.07 g/cm3 (solid: 0.0763 g/cm3)[2]
when liquid (at b.p.)0.07099 g/cm3
Triple point13.8033 K, ​7.041 kPa
Critical point32.938 K, 1.2858 MPa
Heat of fusion(H
2
) 0.117 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization(H
2
) 0.904 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity(H
2
) 28.836 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)1520
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−1, 0, +1 (an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.20
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1312.0 kJ/mol
Covalent radius31±5 pm
Van der Waals radius120 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of hydrogen
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​hexagonal
Hexagonal crystal structure for hydrogen
Speed of sound1310 m/s (gas, 27 °C)
Thermal conductivity0.1805 W/(m⋅K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[3]
Molar magnetic susceptibility−3.98×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[4]
CAS Number12385-13-6
1333-74-0 (H
2
)
History
DiscoveryHenry Cavendish[5][6] (1766)
Named byAntoine Lavoisier[7] (1783)
Isotopes of hydrogen
Main isotopesDecay
abun­dancehalf-life (t1/2)modepro­duct
1H99.9855%stable
2H0.0145%stable
3Htrace12.32 yβ3He
 Category: Hydrogen
| references
Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (11) · (this table: )

References

Three of these references are named references. They may be cited in the containing articles as

  • <ref name="Nostrand" /> for the source from Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia
  • <ref name="nbb" /> for the source from Nature's Building Blocks
  • <ref name="Stwertka" /> for the source from A Guide to the Elements