Ciwon hanta
Ciwon hanta shine kumburin nama na hanta.[1] Wasu masu ciwon hanta ba su da alamun cutar, yayin da wasu ke samun launin rawaya na fata da fararen idanu (jaundice), rashin cin abinci, amai, gajiya, ciwon ciki, da gudawa.[2][3] Ciwon hanta yana da tsanani idan ya ƙare a cikin watanni shida, kuma na kullum idan ya wuce watanni shida.[2][4] Ciwon hanta mai tsanani zai iya warwarewa da kansa, ya ci gaba zuwa ciwon hanta, ko kuma (da wuya) ya haifar da gazawar hanta.[5] Ciwon hanta na yau da kullun na iya ci gaba zuwa tabo na hanta (cirrhosis), gazawar hanta, da ciwon hanta.[1]
| Ciwon hanta | |
|---|---|
 | |
Description (en)  | |
| Iri | liver disease (en) , inflammation (en) , liver symptom (en) cuta |
| Specialty (en) | gastroenterology (en) , hepatology (en) , infectious diseases (en) , internal medicine (en) family medicine (en) |
| Sanadi | Hepatitis B virus (en) , Shaye-shaye, intoxication (en) , autoimmunity (en) , hepatitis delta virus (en) , Hepatitis A virus (en) , Hepatitis C virus (en) hepatitis E virus (en) |
| Symptoms and signs (en) | Shawara, anorexia (en) , Ciwon ciki hepatomegaly (en) |
| Effect (en) | Cirrhosis |
| Physical examination (en) | blood test (en) liver biopsy (en) |
| Medical treatment (en) | |
| Magani | ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (en) , ribavirin (en) , peginterferon alfa-2b (en) , peginterferon alfa-2a (en) da sofosbuvir (en) |
| Identifier (en) | |
| ICD-10-CM | K73.9 |
| ICD-9-CM | 570, 571.4, 571.40 da 571.41 |
| DiseasesDB | 20061 |
| MedlinePlus | 001154 |
| eMedicine | 001154 |
| MeSH | D006505 |
| Disease Ontology ID | DOID:2237 |
Ciwon hanta ya fi kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta irin su Hepatitis A, B, C, D, da E.[1][3] Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sun haɗa da shan barasa mai yawa, wasu magunguna, gubobi, wasu cututtuka, cututtuka na autoimmune,[3][1] da steatohepatitis marasa giya (NASH).[6] Cutar hanta A da E ana yaɗa su ne ta hanyar gurbataccen abinci da ruwa.[1] Hepatitis B yawanci ana ɗaukarsa ta hanyar jima'i, amma kuma ana iya yada shi daga uwa zuwa jariri yayin daukar ciki ko haihuwa kuma yana yaduwa ta jini mai cutarwa.[1] Hepatitis C yana yaduwa ta hanyar jini mai kamuwa da cuta kamar yadda zai iya faruwa a lokacin raba allura ta masu amfani da magunguna.[1] Hepatitis D ba zai iya cutar da mutanen da suka kamu da cutar hanta ba kawai.[1]
Hepatitis A, B, da D ana iya hana su ta hanyar rigakafi.[3] Ana iya amfani da magunguna don magance ciwon hanta na kullum.[2] Ana ba da shawarar magungunan rigakafi ga duk masu fama da ciwon hanta na C, sai dai waɗanda ke da yanayin da ke iyakance tsawon rayuwarsu.[7] Babu takamaiman magani ga NASH; duk da haka, ana ba da shawarar motsa jiki, abinci mai kyau, da asarar nauyi.[8] Ana iya bi da ciwon hanta na autoimmune tare da magunguna don murkushe tsarin rigakafi.[9] Dashen hanta na iya zama zaɓi a cikin gazawar hanta mai tsanani da na yau da kullun.[10]
A duk duniya a cikin 2015, cutar hepatitis A ta faru a cikin mutane kimanin miliyan 114, ciwon hanta na B ya shafi kimanin mutane miliyan 343 da kuma cutar hepatitis C kimanin mutane miliyan 142.[11] A Amurka, NASH yana shafar kusan mutane miliyan 11 kuma cutar hanta ta barasa tana shafar kusan mutane miliyan 5.[8][12] Ciwon hanta yana haifar da mutuwar fiye da miliyan guda a shekara, mafi yawan abin da ke faruwa a kaikaice daga tabon hanta ko ciwon hanta.[1][13] A Amurka, an kiyasta cewa cutar hanta ta A na faruwa a cikin mutane kusan 2,500 a shekara kuma yana haifar da mutuwar kusan 75.[14] An samo kalmar daga kalmar Helenanci hêpar (ἧπαρ), ma'ana "hanta", da -itis (-ῖτις), ma'ana "kumburi".[15]