Kalor panguwaban
Panas panguwaban utawa kalor penguwaban, utawa luwih pepak owah-owahan entalpi panguwaban standar, ΔvHo, iku ènèrgi sing dibutuhaké kanggo ngowahi siji kuantitas dat dadi gas. Ènèrgi iki diukur ing titik didih dat lan sendyan ajiné racaké dikorèksi menyang 298 K, korèksi iki silik lan kerep luwih cilik tinimbang deviasi standar aji kaukur. Ajiné biyasa dinyatakaké sajeroning kJ/mol, sanadyan bisa uga sajeroning kJ/kg, kkal/mol, kal/g lan Btu/lb.
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Aji kalor ing èlemèn kapilih
Èlemèn
Enthalpi panguwaban saka sawatara èlemèn ing kJ/mol, diukur ing titik umobé
| Group → | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | H 0.44936 | He 0.0845 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | Li 145.92 | Be 292.40 | B 489.7 | C 355.8 | N 2.7928 | O 3.4099 | F 3.2698 | Ne 1.7326 | ||||||||||||
| 3 | Na 96.96 | Mg 127.4 | Al 293.4 | Si 300 | P 12.129 | S 1.7175 | Cl 10.2 | Ar 6.447 | ||||||||||||
| 4 | K 79.87 | Ca 153.6 | Sc 314.2 | Ti 421 | V 452 | Cr 344.3 | Mn 226 | Fe 349.6 | Co 376.5 | Ni 370.4 | Cu 300.3 | Zn 115.3 | Ga 258.7 | Ge 330.9 | As 34.76 | Se 26.3 | Br 15.438 | Kr 9.029 | ||
| 5 | Rb 72.216 | Sr 144 | Y 363 | Zr 581.6 | Nb 696.6 | Mo 598 | Tc 660 | Ru 595 | Rh 493 | Pd 357 | Ag 250.58 | Cd 100 | In 231.5 | Sn 295.8 | Sb 77.14 | Te 52.55 | I 20.752 | Xe 12.636 | ||
| 6 | Cs 67.74 | Ba 142 | * | Hf 575 | Ta 743 | W 824 | Re 715 | Os 627.6 | Ir 604 | Pt 510 | Au 334.4 | Hg 59.229 | Tl 164.1 | Pb 177.7 | Bi 104.8 | Po 60.1 | At 114 | Rn 16.4 | ||
| 7 | Fr n/a | Ra 37 | ** | Rf n/a | Db n/a | Sg n/a | Bh n/a | Hs n/a | Mt n/a | Ds n/a | Rg n/a | Cn n/a | Nh n/a | Fl n/a | Mc n/a | Lv n/a | Ts n/a | Og n/a | ||
| * Lanthanides | La 414 | Ce 414 | Pr n/a | Nd n/a | Pm n/a | Sm n/a | Eu n/a | Gd n/a | Tb n/a | Dy n/a | Ho n/a | Er n/a | Tm n/a | Yb n/a | Lu n/a | |||||
| ** Actinides | Ac n/a | Th 514.4 | Pa n/a | U n/a | Np n/a | Pu n/a | Am n/a | Cm n/a | Bk n/a | Cf n/a | Es n/a | Fm n/a | Md n/a | No n/a | Lr n/a | |||||
| 0–10 kJ/mol | 10–100 kJ/mol | 100–300 kJ/mol | >300 kJ/mol |
Dat liya
Enthalpi panguwaban saka dat litané, diukur ing titik umob standardé:
| Compound | Heat of vaporization (kJ mol-1) | Heat of vaporization (kJ kg−1) |
|---|---|---|
| Ammonia | 23.35 | 1371 |
| Butane | 21.0 | 320 |
| Ethanol | 38.6 | 841 |
| Hidrogen | 0.46 | 451.9 |
| Methane | 8.19 | 760 |
| Methanol | 35.3 | 1104 |
| Propane | 15.7 | 356 |
| Phosphine | 14.6 | 429.4 |
| Water | 40.65 | 2257 |
Rujukan
- Sears, Zemansky et. al., University Physics, Addison-Wessley Publishing Company, Sixth ed., 1982, ISBN 0-201-07199-1
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