Collectivity of Saint Martin
Saint Martin (French: Saint-Martin), officially the Collectivity of Saint Martin (French: Collectivité de Saint-Martin), is a new overseas collectivity of France. It was created on 22 February 2007. It is in the northern parts of the island of Saint Martin and nearby small islands. The southern half of the island is a country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
Saint Martin Saint-Martin | |
|---|---|
| Collectivity of Saint Martin Collectivité de Saint-Martin | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |
| Territorial song: "O Sweet Saint Martin's Land" | |
 Location of Saint Martin in the Leeward Islands | |
 | |
| Sovereign state | France |
| Partition of island | 23 March 1648 |
| Separated from Guadeloupe | 15 July 2007 |
| Capital and largest city | Marigot |
| Official languages | French |
| Demonym(s) | Saint-Martinois |
| Government | Devolved parliamentary dependency |
| Emmanuel Macron | |
• Prefect | Sylvie Feucher |
• President of the Territorial Council | Daniel Gibbs |
| French Parliament | |
• Senate | 1 senator (of 377) |
| 1 seat shared with Saint Barthélemy (of 577) | |
| Area | |
• Total | 53.2 km2 (20.5 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2017 estimate | 35,334 [1] (219th) |
• 2014 census | 35,107 |
• Density | 682/km2 (1,766.4/sq mi) |
| Currency |
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| Time zone | UTC-4:00 (AST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +590 |
| ISO 3166 code |
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| Internet TLD | |
Demographics
The French part of the island has a land area of 53.2 square kilometres (20.5 sq mi). At the 2011 census, the population in the French part of the island was 36,286 (up from only 8,072 inhabitants at the 1982 census), which means a population density of 682 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,770/sq mi) in 2011.[2][3]
| 1885 | 1954 | 1961 | 1967 | 1974 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,400 | 3,366 | 4,502 | 5,061 | 6,191 | 8,072 | 28,518 | 29,078 | 35,263 | 36,286 |
| Official figures from French censuses. | |||||||||
Politics and government
Saint Martin was for many years a French commune. It was part of Guadeloupe, which is an overseas région and overseas département of France. Because of this, it is in the European Union. In 2003 the population of the French part voted for a split from Guadeloupe. They wanted to make a separate overseas collectivity (COM) of France.[4] On February 9, 2007, the French Parliament passed a bill granting COM status to both the French part of Saint Martin and neighbouring Saint-Barthélemy.[5] The new took effect when the law was published in the Official Journal.[6]
Saint Martin remains governed as it was when a commune within Guadeloupe—by a mayor and a municipal council elected by the European citizens living on the French side of the island. As is the case in metropolitan France since the promulgation of the Maastricht Treaty, nationals of any member state of the European Union are allowed to vote at the municipal elections. Nationals from countries not part of the European Union, which represent a large part of the population on the French side of the island, are not allowed to vote in the elections. In 2003, the people of the French part of the island voted to separate from Guadeloupe.[2][7] In 2007, the French Parliament voted to make Saint Martin a overseas collectivity (COM) of France.[8] The new status took effect on 15 July 2007, once the local assemblies were elected,[9]
Saint Martin remains part of the European Union.[10] The official currency in Saint Martin is the euro (though the United States dollar is also widely accepted).
Related pages
- Guadeloupe, French island in the Caribbean
- Martinique, French island in the Caribbean
- Saint Barthélemy, French island in the Caribbean
