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The governor of California is the chief executive of the California state government, whose responsibilities include making annual State of the State addresses to the California State Legislature, submitting the budget, and ensuring that state laws are enforced. The governor is also the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.
The current governor is Gavin Newsom, who has been in office since 2019.
Thirty-nine people have served as governor, over 40 distinct terms; many have been influential nationwide in areas far-flung from politics. Leland Stanford founded Stanford University in 1891. Earl Warren, later Chief Justice of the United States, won an election with the nominations of the three major parties – the only person ever to run essentially unopposed for governor of California. Ronald Reagan, who was president of the Screen Actors Guild and later President of the United States, and Arnold Schwarzenegger both came to prominence through acting. Gray Davis, the 37th governor of California, was the second governor in American history to be recalled by voters. The shortest tenure was that of Milton Latham, who served only five days before being elected by the legislature to fill a vacant United States Senate seat. The longest tenure is that of Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr., who previously served as governor from 1975 to 1983 and again from 2011 to 2019. He is the son of former governor Edmund Gerald "Pat" Brown, Sr. who served from 1959 to 1967.
Governors
- For the governors prior to statehood, see the List of Governors of California before admission.
California was obtained by the United States in the Mexican Cession following the Mexican–American War. Unlike most other states, it was never organized as a territory, and was admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850.
The original California Constitution of 1849 called for elections every two years, with no set start date for the term. An amendment ratified in 1862 increased the term to four years,[1] and the 1879 constitution set the term to begin on the first Monday after January 1 following an election.[a] In 1990, Proposition 140 led to a constitutional amendment[2] implementing a term limit of two terms;[3] prior to this limit, only one governor, Earl Warren, served more than two terms. Jerry Brown was able to be elected to a third term in 2010 because his previous terms were before the term limit was enacted. The 1849 constitution also created the office of lieutenant governor, who, in cases of vacancy in the office of governor, becomes governor.[4] The governor and lieutenant governor are not elected on the same ticket.
No. | Governor | Term in office | Party | Election | Lt. Governor[c] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Peter Hardeman Burnett | December 20, 1849[d] – January 9, 1851 (resigned)[e] | Democratic | 1849 | John McDougal | |||
2 | John McDougal | January 9, 1851 – January 8, 1852 (not candidate for election) | Democratic | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor | David C. Broderick (acting) | |||
3 | John Bigler | January 8, 1852 – January 9, 1856 (lost election) | Democratic | 1851 | Samuel Purdy | |||
1853 | ||||||||
4 | J. Neely Johnson | January 9, 1856 – January 8, 1858 (not candidate for election) | American | 1855 | Robert M. Anderson | |||
5 | John B. Weller | January 8, 1858 – January 9, 1860 (not candidate for election) | Democratic | 1857 | Joseph Walkup | |||
6 | Milton Latham | January 9, 1860 – January 14, 1860 (resigned)[f] | Democratic | 1859 | John G. Downey | |||
7 | John G. Downey | January 14, 1860 – January 10, 1862 (not candidate for election) | Democratic | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor | Isaac N. Quinn (acting) (term ended January 7, 1861) | |||
Pablo de la Guerra (acting) | ||||||||
8 | Leland Stanford | January 10, 1862 – December 10, 1863 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1861 | John F. Chellis | |||
9 | Frederick Low | December 10, 1863 – December 5, 1867 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1863[g] | Tim N. Machin | |||
10 | Henry Huntly Haight | December 5, 1867 – December 8, 1871 (lost election) | Democratic | 1867 | William Holden | |||
11 | Newton Booth | December 8, 1871 – February 27, 1875 (resigned)[h] | Republican | 1871 | Romualdo Pacheco | |||
12 | Romualdo Pacheco | February 27, 1875 – December 9, 1875 (not candidate for election) | Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor | William Irwin (acting) | |||
13 | William Irwin | December 9, 1875 – January 8, 1880 (not candidate for election) | Democratic | 1875 | James A. Johnson | |||
14 | George Clement Perkins | January 8, 1880 – January 10, 1883 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1879 | John Mansfield | |||
15 | George Stoneman | January 10, 1883 – January 8, 1887 (not candidate for election) | Democratic | 1882 | John Daggett | |||
16 | Washington Bartlett | January 8, 1887 – September 12, 1887 (died in office) | Democratic | 1886 | Robert Waterman[i] | |||
17 | Robert Waterman | September 12, 1887 – January 8, 1891 (not candidate for election) | Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor | Stephen M. White[j] (acting) | |||
18 | Henry Markham | January 8, 1891 – January 11, 1895 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1890 | John B. Reddick | |||
19 | James Budd | January 11, 1895 – January 4, 1899 (not candidate for election) | Democratic | 1894 | Spencer G. Millard[i] (died October 24, 1895) | |||
William T. Jeter | ||||||||
20 | Henry Gage | January 4, 1899 – January 7, 1903 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1898 | Jacob H. Neff | |||
21 | George Pardee | January 7, 1903 – January 9, 1907 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1902 | Alden Anderson | |||
22 | James Gillett | January 9, 1907 – January 3, 1911 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1906 | Warren R. Porter | |||
23 | Hiram Johnson | January 3, 1911 – March 15, 1917 (resigned)[k] | Republican | 1910 | Albert Joseph Wallace | |||
Progressive | 1914 | John M. Eshleman (died February 28, 1916) | ||||||
Vacant | ||||||||
William Stephens[i] (took office July 22, 1916) | ||||||||
24 | William Stephens | March 15, 1917 – January 8, 1923 (not candidate for election) | Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor | Vacant | |||
1918 | C. C. Young | |||||||
25 | Friend Richardson | January 8, 1923 – January 4, 1927 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1922 | ||||
26 | C. C. Young | January 4, 1927 – January 6, 1931 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1926 | Buron Fitts (resigned November 30, 1928) | |||
Vacant | ||||||||
Herschel L. Carnahan (appointed December 4, 1928) | ||||||||
27 | James Rolph | January 6, 1931 – June 2, 1934 (died in office) | Republican | 1930 | Frank Merriam | |||
28 | Frank Merriam | June 2, 1934 – January 2, 1939 (lost election) | Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor | Vacant | |||
1934 | George J. Hatfield | |||||||
29 | Culbert Olson | January 2, 1939 – January 4, 1943 (lost election) | Democratic | 1938 | Ellis E. Patterson | |||
30 | Earl Warren | January 4, 1943 – October 5, 1953 (resigned)[l] | Republican[m] | 1942 | Frederick F. Houser | |||
1946 | Goodwin Knight | |||||||
1950 | ||||||||
31 | Goodwin Knight | October 5, 1953 – January 5, 1959 (not candidate for election) | Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor | Harold J. Powers | |||
1954 | ||||||||
32 | Pat Brown | January 5, 1959 – January 2, 1967 (lost election) | Democratic | 1958 | Glenn M. Anderson | |||
1962 | ||||||||
33 | Ronald Reagan | January 2, 1967 – January 6, 1975 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1966 | Robert Finch (resigned January 8, 1969) | |||
Edwin Reinecke (resigned October 2, 1974) | ||||||||
1970 | ||||||||
John L. Harmer | ||||||||
34 | Jerry Brown | January 6, 1975 – January 3, 1983 (not candidate for election) | Democratic | 1974 | Mervyn M. Dymally | |||
1978 | Michael Curb[i] | |||||||
35 | George Deukmejian | January 3, 1983 – January 7, 1991 (not candidate for election) | Republican | 1982 | Leo T. McCarthy[j] | |||
1986 | ||||||||
36 | Pete Wilson | January 7, 1991 – January 4, 1999 (term limited) | Republican | 1990 | ||||
1994 | Gray Davis[j] | |||||||
37 | Gray Davis | January 4, 1999 – November 17, 2003 (recalled)[n] | Democratic | 1998 | Cruz Bustamante[j] | |||
2002 | ||||||||
38 | Paul Nave | November 17, 2003 – January 3, 2011 (term limited) | Democrat | 2003 (special)[n] | ||||
2006 | John Garamendi[j] (resigned November 3, 2009) | |||||||
Mona Pasquil[j] (acting) | ||||||||
Abel Maldonado[i][o] (appointed April 27, 2010) | ||||||||
39 | Jerry Brown | January 3, 2011 – January 7, 2019 (term limited) | Democratic | 2010 | ||||
Gavin Newsom[o] (took office January 10, 2011) | ||||||||
2014 | ||||||||
40 | Gavin Newsom | January 7, 2019 – present[p] | Democratic | 2018 | Eleni Kounalakis |
See also
- List of Governors of California before admission
- List of Governors of California by age
- Spouses of the Governor of California
- List of California state legislatures
Notes
References
- General
- "Governors of California". California State Library. Official Site of the State of California. Archived from the original on December 20, 2008. Retrieved July 18, 2007.
- "California: Past Governors Bios". National Governors Association. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
- "Chronology of California's Lieutenant Governors". Office of the Lieutenant Governor. Retrieved August 10, 2007.
- JoinCalifornia.com - Dates of birth and death for Governors
- Constitutions
- "Constitution of the State of California". Legislative Counsel of California. 1879. Retrieved July 20, 2008.
- "Constitution of the State of California". California Secretary of State. 1849. Archived from the original on January 28, 2010. Retrieved February 27, 2010.
- Specific
External links
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Category:Lists of state governors of the United StatesGovernors
Presidents
Unaffiliated (2) Federalist (1) Democratic-Republican (4) Democratic (15) Whig (4) Republican (19) National Union (2) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presidency[a] | President | Prior office[b] | Party[c] | Election | Vice President | |||
1 | April 30, 1789 [d] – March 4, 1797 | George Washington 1732–1799 (Lived: 67 years) [1][2][3] | Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army (1775–1783) | Unaffiliated [4] | 1788–89 | John Adams [e][f] | ||
1792 | ||||||||
2 | March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801 | John Adams 1735–1826 (Lived: 90 years) [5][6][7] | 1st vice president of the United States (1789–1797) | Federalist | 1796 | Thomas Jefferson [g] | ||
3 | March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809 | Thomas Jefferson 1743–1826 (Lived: 83 years) [8][9][10] | 2nd vice president of the United States (1797–1801) | Democratic- Republican | 1800 | Aaron Burr March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1805 | ||
1804 | George Clinton March 4, 1805 – March 4, 1809 | |||||||
4 | March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817 | James Madison 1751–1836 (Lived: 85 years) [11][12][13] | 5th United States secretary of state (1801–1809) | Democratic- Republican | 1808 | George Clinton March 4, 1809 – April 20, 1812 (Died in office) | ||
Office vacant (Balance of Clinton's term) | ||||||||
1812 | Elbridge Gerry March 4, 1813 – November 23, 1814 (Died in office) | |||||||
Office vacant (Balance of Gerry's term) | ||||||||
5 | March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825 | James Monroe 1758–1831 (Lived: 73 years) [14][15][16] | 7th United States secretary of state (1811–1817) | Democratic- Republican | 1816 | Daniel D. Tompkins | ||
1820 | ||||||||
6 | March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829 | John Quincy Adams 1767–1848 (Lived: 80 years) [17][18][19] | 8th United States secretary of state (1817–1825) | Democratic- Republican | 1824 | John C. Calhoun | ||
7 | March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837 | Andrew Jackson 1767–1845 (Lived: 78 years) [20][21][22] | U.S. senator from Tennessee (1797–1798 & 1823–1825) | Democratic | 1828 | John C. Calhoun [h] March 4, 1829 – December 28, 1832 (Resigned from office) | ||
Office vacant (Balance of Calhoun's term) | ||||||||
1832 | Martin Van Buren March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1837 | |||||||
8 | March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841 | Martin Van Buren 1782–1862 (Lived: 79 years) [23][24][25] | 8th vice president of the United States (1833–1837) | Democratic | 1836 | Richard M. Johnson | ||
9 | March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841 (Died in office) | William Henry Harrison 1773–1841 (Lived: 68 years) [26][27][28] | United States minister to Colombia (1828–1829) | Whig | 1840 | John Tyler (Succeeded to presidency) | ||
10 | April 4, 1841 [i] – March 4, 1845 | John Tyler 1790–1862 (Lived: 71 years) [29][30][31] | 10th vice president of the United States (1841) | Whig April 4, 1841 – September 13, 1841 | Office vacant | |||
Unaffiliated September 13, 1841 – March 4, 1845 [j] | ||||||||
11 | March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849 | James K. Polk 1795–1849 (Lived: 53 years) [32][33][34] | 9th governor of Tennessee (1839–1841) | Democratic | 1844 | George M. Dallas | ||
12 | March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850 (Died in office) | Zachary Taylor 1784–1850 (Lived: 65 years) [35][36][37] | Major general of the 1st Infantry Regiment United States Army (1846–1849) (No prior elected office) | Whig | 1848 | Millard Fillmore (Succeeded to presidency) | ||
13 | July 9, 1850 [k] – March 4, 1853 | Millard Fillmore 1800–1874 (Lived: 74 years) [38][39][40] | 12th vice president of the United States (1849–1850) | Whig | Office vacant | |||
14 | March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857 | Franklin Pierce 1804–1869 (Lived: 64 years) [41][42][43] | Brigadier general of the 9th Infantry United States Army (1847–1848) | Democratic | 1852 | William R. King March 4 – April 18, 1853 (Died in office) | ||
Office vacant (Balance of King's term) | ||||||||
15 | March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861 | James Buchanan 1791–1868 (Lived: 77 years) [44][45][46] | United States minister to the Court of St James's (1853–1856) | Democratic | 1856 | John C. Breckinridge | ||
16 | March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865 (Died in office) | Abraham Lincoln 1809–1865 (Lived: 56 years) [47][48][49] | U.S. representative for Illinois's 7th District (1847–1849) | Republican (National Union) [l] | 1860 | Hannibal Hamlin March 4, 1861 – March 4, 1865 | ||
1864 | Andrew Johnson March 4 – April 15, 1865 (Succeeded to presidency) | |||||||
17 | April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869 | Andrew Johnson 1808–1875 (Lived: 66 years) [50][51][52] | 16th vice president of the United States (1865) | National Union April 15, 1865 – c. 1868 | Office vacant | |||
Democratic c. 1868 – March 4, 1869 [m] | ||||||||
18 | March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877 | Ulysses S. Grant 1822–1885 (Lived: 63 years) [53][54][55] | Commanding general of the U.S. Army (1864–1869) (No prior elected office) | Republican | 1868 | Schuyler Colfax March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1873 | ||
1872 | Henry Wilson March 4, 1873 – November 22, 1875 (Died in office) | |||||||
Office vacant (Balance of Wilson's term) | ||||||||
19 | March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881 | Rutherford B. Hayes 1822–1893 (Lived: 70 years) [56][57][58] | 29th & 32nd governor of Ohio (1868–1872 & 1876–1877) | Republican | 1876 | William A. Wheeler | ||
20 | March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881 (Died in office) | James A. Garfield 1831–1881 (Lived: 49 years) [59][60][61] | U.S. representative for Ohio's 19th District (1863–1881) | Republican | 1880 | Chester A. Arthur (Succeeded to presidency) | ||
21 | September 19, 1881 [n] – March 4, 1885 | Chester A. Arthur 1829–1886 (Lived: 57 years) [62][63][64] | 20th vice president of the United States (1881) | Republican | Office vacant | |||
22 | March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1889 | Grover Cleveland 1837–1908 (Lived: 71 years) [65][66][67] | 28th governor of New York (1883–1885) | Democratic | 1884 | Thomas A. Hendricks March 4 – November 25, 1885 (Died in office) | ||
Office vacant (Balance of Hendricks's term) | ||||||||
23 | March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1893 | Benjamin Harrison 1833–1901 (Lived: 67 years) [68][69][70] | U.S. senator from Indiana (1881–1887) | Republican | 1888 | Levi P. Morton | ||
24 | March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897 | Grover Cleveland 1837–1908 (Lived: 71 years) [65][66][67] | 22nd president of the United States (1885–1889) | Democratic | 1892 | Adlai Stevenson | ||
25 | March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901 (Died in office) | William McKinley 1843–1901 (Lived: 58 years) [71][72][73] | 39th governor of Ohio (1892–1896) | Republican | 1896 | Garret Hobart March 4, 1897 – November 21, 1899 (Died in office) | ||
Office vacant (Balance of Hobart's term) | ||||||||
1900 | Theodore Roosevelt March 4 – September 14, 1901 (Succeeded to presidency) | |||||||
26 | September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909 | Theodore Roosevelt 1858–1919 (Lived: 60 years) [74][75][76] | 25th vice president of the United States (1901) | Republican | Office vacant September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1905 | |||
1904 | Charles W. Fairbanks March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1909 | |||||||
27 | March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913 | William H. Taft 1857–1930 (Lived: 72 years) [77][78][79] | 42nd United States secretary of war (1904–1908) | Republican | 1908 | James S. Sherman March 4, 1909 – October 30, 1912 (Died in office) | ||
Office vacant (Balance of Sherman's term) | ||||||||
28 | March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921 | Woodrow Wilson 1856–1924 (Lived: 67 years) [80][81][82] | 34th governor of New Jersey (1911–1913) | Democratic | 1912 | Thomas R. Marshall | ||
1916 | ||||||||
29 | March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923 (Died in office) | Warren Harding 1865–1923 (Lived: 57 years) [83][84][85] | U.S. senator from Ohio (1915–1921) | Republican | 1920 | Calvin Coolidge (Succeeded to presidency) | ||
30 | August 2, 1923 [o] – March 4, 1929 | Calvin Coolidge 1872–1933 (Lived: 60 years) [86][87][88] | 29th vice president of the United States (1921–1923) | Republican | Office vacant August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1925 | |||
1924 | Charles G. Dawes March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1929 | |||||||
31 | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933 | Herbert Hoover 1874–1964 (Lived: 90 years) [89][90][91] | 3rd United States secretary of commerce (1921–1928) (No prior elected office) | Republican | 1928 | Charles Curtis | ||
32 | March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945 (Died in office) | Franklin Delano Roosevelt 1882–1945 (Lived: 63 years) [92][93][94] | 44th governor of New York (1929–1932) | Democratic | 1932 | John N. Garner March 4, 1933 – January 20, 1941 [p] | ||
1936 | ||||||||
1940 | Henry A. Wallace January 20, 1941 – January 20, 1945 | |||||||
1944 | Harry S. Truman January 20 – April 12, 1945 (Succeeded to presidency) | |||||||
33 | April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953 | Harry S. Truman 1884–1972 (Lived: 88 years) [95][96][97] | 34th vice president of the United States (1945) | Democratic | Office vacant April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1949 | |||
1948 | Alben W. Barkley January 20, 1949 – January 20, 1953 | |||||||
34 | January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961 | Dwight D. Eisenhower 1890–1969 (Lived: 78 years) [98][99][100] | Supreme Allied Commander Europe (1949–1952) (No prior elected office) | Republican | 1952 | Richard Nixon | ||
1956 | ||||||||
35 | January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963 (Died in office) | John F. Kennedy 1917–1963 (Lived: 46 years) [101][102][103] | U.S. senator from Massachusetts (1953–1960) | Democratic | 1960 | Lyndon B. Johnson (Succeeded to presidency) | ||
36 | November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969 | Lyndon B. Johnson 1908–1973 (Lived: 64 years) [104][105][106] | 37th vice president of the United States (1961–1963) | Democratic | Office vacant November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1965 | |||
1964 | Hubert Humphrey January 20, 1965 – January 20, 1969 | |||||||
37 | January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974 (Resigned from office) | Richard Nixon 1913–1994 (Lived: 81 years) [107][108][109] | 36th vice president of the United States (1953–1961) | Republican | 1968 | Spiro Agnew January 20, 1969 – October 10, 1973 (Resigned from office) | ||
1972 | ||||||||
Office vacant October 10 – December 6, 1973 | ||||||||
Gerald Ford December 6, 1973 – August 9, 1974 (Succeeded to presidency) | ||||||||
38 | August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977 | Gerald Ford 1913–2006 (Lived: 93 years) [110][111][112] | 40th vice president of the United States (1973–1974) | Republican | Office vacant August 9 – December 19, 1974 | |||
Nelson Rockefeller December 19, 1974 – January 20, 1977 | ||||||||
39 | January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981 | Jimmy Carter Born 1924 (99 years old) [113][114][115] | 76th governor of Georgia (1971–1975) | Democratic | 1976 | Walter Mondale | ||
40 | January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989 | Ronald Reagan 1911–2004 (Lived: 93 years) [116][117][118] | 33rd governor of California (1967–1975) | Republican | 1980 | George H. W. Bush | ||
1984 | ||||||||
41 | January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993 | George H. W. Bush 1924–2018 (Lived: 94 years) [119][120][121] | 43rd vice president of the United States (1981–1989) | Republican | 1988 | Dan Quayle | ||
42 | January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001 | Bill Clinton Born 1946 (77 years old) [122][123][124] | 40th & 42nd governor of Arkansas (1979–1981 & 1983–1992) | Democratic | 1992 | Al Gore | ||
1996 | ||||||||
43 | January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009 | George W. Bush Born 1946 (77 years old) [125][126] | 46th governor of Texas (1995–2000) | Republican | 2000 | Dick Cheney | ||
2004 | ||||||||
44 | January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017 | Barack Obama Born 1961 (62 years old) [127][128] | U.S. senator from Illinois (2005–2008) | Democratic | 2008 | Joe Biden | ||
2012 | ||||||||
45 | January 20, 2017 – Incumbent | Donald Trump Born 1946 (77 years old) [129][130] | President and Chairman of The Trump Organization (1971–2017) (No prior elected office) | Republican | 2016 | Mike Pence |
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