ଇଟ୍ରିଅମ

ଇଟ୍ରିଅମ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Yପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୩୯ ।

Yttrium,  39Y
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକyttrium, Y
Appearancesilvery white
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ/ˈɪtriəm/ IT-ree-əm
Yttrium in the periodic table
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
Sc

Y

Lu
strontium ← yttrium → zirconium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)39
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକgroup 3, d-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟperiod 5
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର  transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)88.90585
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ[Kr] 4d1 5s2
per shell
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥାsolid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ1799 K ​(1526 °C, ​2779 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ3609 K ​(3336 °C, ​6037 °F)
Density near r.t.4.472 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.4.24 g/cm3
Heat of fusion11.42 kJ/mol
Heat of 365 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity26.53 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)18832075(2320)(2627)(3036)(3607)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states3, 2, 1 (weakly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.22
Atomic radiusempirical: 180 pm
Covalent radius190±7 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure ​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for yttrium
Speed of sound thin rod3300 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion(r.t.) (α, poly)
10.6 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity17.2 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity(r.t.) (α, poly) 596 n Ω·m
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[୧]
Young's modulus63.5 GPa
Shear modulus25.6 GPa
Bulk modulus41.2 GPa
Poisson ratio0.243
Brinell hardness589 MPa
CAS Number7440-65-5
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାରJohan Gadolin (1794)
First isolationCarl Gustav Mosander (1840)
Most stable isotopes of yttrium
isoNAhalf-lifeDMDE (MeV)DP
87Ysyn3.35 dε-87Sr
γ0.48, 0.38D-
88Ysyn106.6 dε-88Sr
γ1.83, 0.89-
89Y100%89Y is stable with 50 neutrons
90Ysyn2.67 dβ2.2890Zr
γ2.18-
91Ysyn58.5 dβ1.5491Zr
γ1.20-
| references

ଧର୍ମ

ଉପସ୍ଥିତି

ଗଠନ

ଉତ୍ପାଦନ

ସମସ୍ଥାନିକ

ବ୍ୟବହାର

ଆଧାର

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ

ଆହୁରି ପଢନ୍ତୁ

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ