Ukrainian language
East Slavic language
The Ukrainian language (Ukrainian: українська (мова), transliteration: ukrajins'ka mova) is an Eastern Slavic language. This language is a part of the Indo-European language family.
| Ukrainian | |
|---|---|
| |
| Pronunciation | [ukrɑˈjinʲsʲkɑ ˈmɔwɑ] |
| Native to | Ukraine |
| Ethnicity | Ukrainians |
Native speakers | 45 million (2007)[1] |
Early form | |
| |
| Official status | |
Official language in | |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Regulated by | National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine: Institute for the Ukrainian Language, Ukrainian language-information fund, Potebnya Institute of Language Studies |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | uk |
| ISO 639-2 | ukr |
| ISO 639-3 | ukr |
| Glottolog | ukra1253 Ukrainian |
| Linguasphere | |
 Ukrainian-speaking world | |
 Ukrainian language and Ukrainians with their neighbors in the early 20th century. | |
Ukrainian is the second most spoken Slavic language. It is the official language of Ukraine. There are 37 million speakers in Ukraine. Most of them are native speakers. All over the world there are more than 50 million speakers.
The Ukrainian language is written with Cyrillic letters.
Some words are similar to the Polish language.
Alphabet
The Ukrainian alphabet with transliteration and German transcription:
| Capital letter (HTML-Entity) | Small letter (HTML-Entity) | Academic transliteration | English transcription | German transcription |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| А (А) | а (а) | A a | A a | A a |
| Б (Б) | б (б) | B b | B b | B b |
| В (В) | в (в) | V v | V v | W w |
| Г (Г) | г (г) | H h | H h | H h |
| Ґ (Ґ) | ґ (ґ) | G g | G g | G g |
| Д (Д) | д (д) | D d | D d | D d |
| Е (Е) | е (е) | E e | E e | E e |
| Є (Є) | є (є) | Je je | Ye ye | Je je |
| Ж (Ж) | ж (ж) | Ž ž | Zh zh | Sch (Sh) sch (sh) |
| З (З) | з (з) | Z z | Z z | S s |
| И (И) | и (и) | Y y | Y y | Y y |
| І (І) | і (і) | I i | I i | I i |
| Ї (Ї) | ї (ї) | Ji ji | Yi yi | Ji ji |
| Й (Й) | й (й) | J j 1 | Y y | J j |
| К (К) | к (к) | K k | K k (instead ks x) | K k (instead ks x) |
| Л (Л) | л (л) | L l | L l | L l |
| М (М) | м (м) | M m | M m | M m |
| Н (Н) | н (н) | N n | N n | N n |
| О (О) | о (о) | O o | O o | O o |
| П (П) | п (п) | P p | P p | P p |
| Р (Р) | р (р) | R r | R r | R r |
| С (С) | с (с) | S s | S s | S s (between vowels ss) |
| Т (Т) | т (т) | T t | T t | T t |
| У (У) | у (у) | U u | U u | U u |
| Ф (Ф) | ф (ф) | F f | F f | F f |
| Х (Х) | х (х) | Ch ch | Kh, kh | Ch ch |
| Ц (Ц) | ц (ц) | C c | Ts ts | Z z |
| Ч (Ч) | ч (ч) | Č č | Ch ch | Tsch tsch |
| Ш (Ш) | ш (ш) | Š š | Sh sh | Sch sch |
| Щ (Щ) | щ (щ) | Šč šč | Shch shch | Schtsch schtsch (Stsch stsch) |
| Ь (Ь) | ь (ь) | ’ (apostrophe) before vowel j 2 | ’ (apostrophe) before vowel y (Soft sign) | (–) bzw. j |
| Ю (Ю) | ю (ю) | Ju Ju | Yu yu | Ju ju |
| Я (Я) | я (я) | Ja ja | Ya ya | Ja ja |
| ’ | ’ (apostrophe)3 | (–) | (–) |
Notes
- 1only before o
- 2only after consonants; a capital letter does not exist; the soft sign ь is not a letter representing a sound, but modifies the sound of the preceding letter, indicating palatalisation ('softening').
- 3an apostrophe (’) is used to mark de-palatalization of the preceding consonant.
References
Ukrainian edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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