Calcium

Kalisiomu jẹ́ kémíkàlì ìdá-ìpílè pẹ̀lú àmì ìdámò Ca àti ogún nọ́mbà átọ̀mù. Kalisiomu jẹ́́ alàwọ eléérú rírọ̀̀, ẹgbẹ́́ alkaline earth metal, ikarun ìdá-ìpílè tí ó wúwo jú nílé ayé.[3]

Calcium, 20Ca
Calcium
ÌhànsójúDull gray, silver
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(Ca)40.078(4)[1]
Calcium ní orí tábìlì àyè
HydrogenHelium
LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon
SodiumMagnesiumAluminiumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon
PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton
RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon
CaesiumBariumLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercury (element)ThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon
FranciumRadiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumNihoniumFleroviumMoscoviumLivermoriumTennessineOganesson
Mg

Ca

Sr
potassiumcalciumscandium
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)20
Ẹgbẹ́group 2 (alkaline earth metals)
Àyèàyè 4
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-s
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì  Alkaline earth metal
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[Ar] 4s2
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 8, 8, 2
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STPsolid
Ìgbà ìyọ́1115 K ​(842 °C, ​1548 °F)
Ígbà ìhó1757 K ​(1484 °C, ​2703 °F)
Kíki (near r.t.)1.55 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)1.378 g/cm3
Heat of fusion8.54 kJ/mol
Heat of 154.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.929 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)8649561071122714431755
Atomic properties
Oxidation states+1,[2] +2 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.00
energies
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 197 pm
Covalent radius176±10 pm
Van der Waals radius231 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of calcium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​(fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for calcium
Speed of sound thin rod3810 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion22.3 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity201 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity33.6 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Young's modulus20 GPa
Shear modulus7.4 GPa
Bulk modulus17 GPa
Poisson ratio0.31
Mohs hardness1.75
Brinell hardness167 MPa
CAS Number7440-70-2
Main isotopes of calcium
Iso­topeAbun­danceHalf-life (t1/2)Decay modePro­duct
40Ca96.941%40Ca is stable with 20 neutrons
41Catrace1.03×105 yε-41K
42Ca0.647%42Ca is stable with 22 neutrons
43Ca0.135%43Ca is stable with 23 neutrons
44Ca2.086%44Ca is stable with 24 neutrons
45Casyn162.7 dβ0.25845Sc
46Ca0.004%>2.8×1015 yββ?46Ti
47Casyn4.536 dβ0.694, 1.9947Sc
γ1.297-
48Ca0.187%>4×1019 yββ?48Ti
Àdàkọ:Category-inline
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