پێڕستی وەرگرانی خەڵاتی نۆبێل لە فیزیۆلۆژیا یان پزیشکی
خەڵاتی نۆبێل لە فیزیۆلۆژیا یان پزیشکی (بە ئینگلیزی: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine) یەکێکە لە زنجیرە خەڵاتی نۆبێل کە دەبەخشرێت بە کەسانی شایستە لە بواری پزیشکی یان فیزیۆلۆژیادا بۆ دۆزینەوە و کارەکانیان لەم بوارانەدا.
وەرگرەکان
١٩٠١–١٩٥٠
| ساڵ | وەرگر[A] | وڵات[B] | ھۆکار[C] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ١٩٠١ |  | Emil Adolf von Behring | ئەڵمانیا | "بەهۆی کارەکانی لەسەر چارەسەری سیرۆم، بەتایبەتی بەکارهێنانی لە دژی نەخۆشی کۆپان، کە بەهۆیەوە ڕێگایەکی نوێی لە بواری زانستی پزیشکیدا کردۆتەوە و بەو هۆیەوە چەکێکی سەرکەوتووی لە دژی نەخۆشی و مردن خستۆتە دەستی پزیشک"[١] |
| ١٩٠٢ |  | Sir Ronald Ross | شانشینی یەکگرتوو | "بۆ کارەکانی لەسەر مالاریا، کە بەهۆیەوە نیشانی داوە کە چۆن دەچێتە ناو زیندەوەران و بەو هۆیەوە بناغەی لێکۆڵینەوەی سەرکەوتووی لەسەر ئەم نەخۆشییە و شێوازەکانی بەرەنگاربوونەوەی داناوە".[٢] |
| ١٩٠٣ |  | Niels Ryberg Finsen | دانمارک (دوورگەکانی فارۆ) | "[for] his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science"[٣] |
| ١٩٠٤ |  | Ivan Petrovich Pavlov | ڕووسیا | "وەک ڕێزلێنانێک بۆ کارەکانی لەسەر فیزیۆلۆژیای ھەرسکردن، کە لە ڕێگەیەوە زانیاری لەسەر لایەنە ژیانییەکانی بابەتەکە گۆڕاوە و فرەواننتر بووە"[٤] |
| ١٩٠٥ |  | Robert Koch | ئەڵمانیا | "for his investigations and discoveries in relation to دەردەباریکە"[٥] |
| ١٩٠٦ |  | Camillo Golgi | ئیتالیا | "in recognition of their work on the structure of the کۆئەندامی دەمار"[٦] |
_portrait_(restored).jpg) | Santiago Ramón y Cajal | ئیسپانیا | ||
| ١٩٠٧ |  | Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran | فەڕەنسا | "in recognition of his work on the role played by زیندەوەرە سەرەتاییەکان in causing diseases"[٧] |
| ١٩٠٨ |  | Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov | ڕووسیا | "in recognition of their work on کۆئەندامی بەرگری"[٨] |
| Paul Ehrlich | ئەڵمانیا | |||
| ١٩٠٩ |  | Emil Theodor Kocher | سویس | "for his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the تیرۆئید"[٩] |
| ١٩١٠ | .jpg) | Albrecht Kossel | ئەڵمانیا | "in recognition of the contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on پرۆتینs, including the nucleic substances"[١٠] |
| ١٩١١ |  | Allvar Gullstrand | سوید | "for his work on the dioptrics of the چاوی مرۆڤ"[١١] |
| ١٩١٢ |  | Alexis Carrel | فەڕەنسا | "بۆ کارەکانی لەسەر خوێنبەرەکان دزین و چاندنی خوێنبۆری و ئەندامەکان."[١٢] |
| ١٩١٣ |  | Charles Richet | فەڕەنسا | "[for] his work on anaphylaxis"[١٣] |
| ١٩١٤ |  | Robert Bárány | نەمسا | "for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus"[١٤] |
| ١٩١٥ | Not awarded | |||
| ١٩١٦ | ||||
| ١٩١٧ | ||||
| ١٩١٨ | ||||
| ١٩١٩ |  | Jules Bordet | بەلجیکا | "for his discoveries relating to کۆئەندامی بەرگری"[١٥] |
| ١٩٢٠ |  | Schack August Steenberg Krogh | دانمارک | "for his discovery of the capillary motor regulating mechanism"[١٦] |
| ١٩٢١ | Not awarded | |||
| ١٩٢٢ |  | Archibald Vivian Hill | United Kingdom | "بۆ دۆزینەوەی پەیوەندیدار بە بەرهەمهێنانی گەرمی لە ماسوولکە"[١٧] |
 | Otto Fritz Meyerhof | ئەڵمانیا | "for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of ئۆکسجین and the مێتابۆلیزم of lactic acid in the muscle"[١٧] | |
| ١٩٢٣ |  | Frederick Grant Banting | کەنەدا | "بۆ دۆزینەوەی ئەنسۆلین"[١٨] |
 | John James Rickard Macleod | کەنەدا | ||
| ١٩٢٤ |  | Willem Einthoven | ھۆلەند | "for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram"[١٩] |
| ١٩٢٥ | Not awarded | |||
| ١٩٢٦ |  | Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger | دانمارک | "for his discovery of the Spiroptera carcinoma"[٢٠] |
| ١٩٢٧ |  | Julius Wagner-Jauregg | نەمسا | "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of مالاریا inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica"[٢١] |
| ١٩٢٨ |  | Charles Jules Henri Nicolle | France | "for his work on typhus"[٢٢] |
| ١٩٢٩ |  | Christiaan Eijkman | The Netherlands | "for his discovery of the antineuritic ڤیتامین"[٢٣] |
 | Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins | United Kingdom | "for his discovery of the growth-stimulating ڤیتامینs"[٢٣] | |
| ١٩٣٠ |  | Karl Landsteiner | نەمسا | "for his discovery of human blood groups"[٢٤] |
| ١٩٣١ |  | Otto Heinrich Warburg | Germany | "for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme"[٢٥] |
| ١٩٣٢ |  | Sir Charles Scott Sherrington | United Kingdom | "for their discoveries regarding the functions of دەمارەخانەs"[٢٦] |
 | Edgar Douglas Adrian | United Kingdom | ||
| ١٩٣٣ |  | Thomas Hunt Morgan | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا | "for his discoveries concerning the role played by the کرۆمۆسۆم in heredity"[٢٧] |
| ١٩٣٤ |  | George Hoyt Whipple | United States | "for their discoveries concerning جەرگ therapy in cases of anaemia"[٢٨] |
 | George Richards Minot | United States | ||
 | William Parry Murphy | United States | ||
| ١٩٣٥ |  | Hans Spemann | Germany | "for his discovery of the organizer effect in embryonic development"[٢٩] |
| ١٩٣٦ |  | Sir Henry Hallett Dale | United Kingdom | "for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses"[٣٠] |
 | Otto Loewi | Austria | ||
| ١٩٣٧ |  | Albert Szent-Györgyi von Nagyrapolt | مەجارستان | "for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid"[٣١] |
| ١٩٣٨ |  | Corneille Jean François Heymans | Belgium | "for the discovery of the role played by the sinus and aortic mechanisms in the regulation of respiration"[٣٢] |
| ١٩٣٩ |  | Gerhard Domagk | Germany | "for the discovery of the دژە زیندەیی effects of prontosil"[٣٣] |
| ١٩٤٠ | Not awarded | |||
| ١٩٤١ | ||||
| ١٩٤٢ | ||||
| ١٩٤٣ |  | Carl Peter Henrik Dam | Denmark | "for his discovery of vitamin K"[٣٤] |
 | Edward Adelbert Doisy | United States | "for his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K"[٣٤] | |
| ١٩٤٤ |  | Joseph Erlanger | United States | "for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres"[٣٥] |
 | Herbert Spencer Gasser | United States | ||
| ١٩٤٥ |  | Sir Alexander Fleming | United Kingdom | "for the discovery of پێنیسیلین and its curative effect in various infectious diseases"[٣٦] |
 | Sir Ernst Boris Chain | United Kingdom | ||
 | Howard Walter Florey | ئۆسترالیا | ||
| ١٩٤٦ | پەڕگە:Hermann Joseph Muller.jpg | Hermann Joseph Muller | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا | "for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of تیشکی ئێکس irradiation"[٣٧] |
| ١٩٤٧ |  | Carl Ferdinand Cori | United States | "for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen"[٣٨] |
 | Gerty Theresa Cori, née Radnitz | United States | ||
 | Bernardo Alberto Houssay | ئارجەنتین | "for his discovery of the part played by the ھۆرمۆن of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of گلووکۆز"[٣٨] | |
| ١٩٤٨ |  | Paul Hermann Müller | Switzerland | "for his discovery of the high efficiency of DDT as a contact poison against several arthropods"[٣٩] |
| ١٩٤٩ |  | Walter Rudolf Hess | Switzerland | "for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs"[٤٠] |
 | António Caetano Egas Moniz | پورتوگال | "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy (lobotomy) in certain psychoses"[٤٠] | |
| ١٩٥٠ |  | Philip Showalter Hench | United States | "for their discoveries relating to the ھۆرمۆنs of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects"[٤١] |
| پەڕگە:Edward Calvin Kendall nobel.jpg | Edward Calvin Kendall | United States | ||
 | Tadeusz Reichstein | Switzerland Poland | ||
١٩٥١–٢٠٠٠
| Year | Laureate[A] | Country[B] | Rationale[C] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ١٩٥١ |  | Max Theiler | ئەفریقای باشوور | "for his discoveries concerning yellow fever and how to combat it"[٤٢] |
| ١٩٥٢ |  | Selman Abraham Waksman | United States | "for his discovery of سترێپتۆمایسین، the first دژە زیندەیی effective against دەردەباریکە"[٤٣] |
| ١٩٥٣ |  | Sir ھانس ئەدۆڵف کریبس | United Kingdom | "for his discovery of the سوڕی کریبس"[٤٤] |
,_Biochemist_(2551001689).jpg) | Fritz Albert Lipmann | United States | "for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism"[٤٤] | |
| ١٩٥٤ | پەڕگە:John Franklin Enders nobel.jpg | John Franklin Enders | United States | "for their discovery of the ability of شەپڵەی منداڵان ڤایرووسes to grow in cultures of various types of tissue"[٤٥] |
 | Frederick Chapman Robbins | United States | ||
| پەڕگە:Thomas Huckle Weller.jpg | Thomas Huckle Weller | United States | ||
| ١٩٥٥ |  | Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell | Sweden | "for his discoveries concerning the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes"[٤٦] |
| ١٩٥٦ | André Frédéric Cournand | United States | "for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the کۆئەندامی سووڕان"[٤٧] | |
 | Werner Forssmann | ئاڵمانیای ڕۆژاوا | ||
 | Dickinson W. Richards | United States | ||
| ١٩٥٧ |  | Daniel Bovet | ئیتالیا | "for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles"[٤٨] |
| ١٩٥٨ | پەڕگە:George Wells Beadle.jpg | George Wells Beadle | United States | "for their discovery that genes act by regulating definite chemical events"[٤٩] |
| پەڕگە:Edward Lawrie Tatum nobel.jpg | Edward Lawrie Tatum | United States | ||
 | Joshua Lederberg | United States | "for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of بەکتریا"[٤٩] | |
| ١٩٥٩ | .jpg) | Arthur Kornberg | United States | "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ئار ئێن ئەی and دی ئێن ئەی"[٥٠] |
| پەڕگە:Severo Ochoa nobel.jpg | Severo Ochoa | Spain United States | ||
| ١٩٦٠ |  | Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet | Australia | "for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance"[٥١] |
 | Sir Peter Brian Medawar | Brazil United Kingdom | ||
| ١٩٦١ |  | Georg von Békésy | United States | "for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea"[٥٢] |
| ١٩٦٢ |  | Francis Harry Compton Crick | United Kingdom | "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material"[٥٣] |
 | James Dewey Watson | United States | ||
 | Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins | نیوزیلاند United Kingdom | ||
| ١٩٦٣ | پەڕگە:Eccles lab.jpg | Sir John Carew Eccles | Australia | "for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the دەمار cell membrane"[٥٤] |
 | Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin | United Kingdom | ||
 | Sir Andrew Fielding Huxley | United Kingdom | ||
| ١٩٦٤ |  | Konrad Bloch | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the کۆلیستڕۆڵ and ترشەکانی چەوری مێتابۆلیزم"[٥٥] |
| Feodor Lynen | Federal Republic of Germany | |||
| ١٩٦٥ |  | François Jacob | France | "for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis"[٥٦] |
 | André Lwoff | France | ||
 | Jacques Monod | France | ||
| ١٩٦٦ | Peyton Rous | United States | "for his discovery of tumour-inducing ڤایرووسes"[٥٧] | |
| پەڕگە:Charles Brenton Huggins nobel.jpg | Charles Brenton Huggins | United States | "for his discoveries concerning hormonal treatment of prostatic cancer"[٥٧] | |
| ١٩٦٧ |  | Ragnar Granit | Finland/Sweden | "for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the چاوی مرۆڤ"[٥٨] |
 | Haldan Keffer Hartline | United States | ||
 | George Wald | United States | ||
| ١٩٦٨ | پەڕگە:Robert W. Holley nobel.jpg | Robert W. Holley | United States | "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis"[٥٩] |
| پەڕگە:Har Gobind Khorana nobel.jpg | Har Gobind Khorana | India | ||
 | Marshall W. Nirenberg | United States | ||
| ١٩٦٩ |  | Max Delbrück | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of ڤایرووسes"[٦٠] |
 | Alfred D. Hershey | United States | ||
 | Salvador E. Luria | Italy United States | ||
| ١٩٧٠ |  | Julius Axelrod | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation"[٦١] |
| Ulf von Euler | Sweden | |||
| Sir Bernard Katz | United Kingdom | |||
| ١٩٧١ | Earl W. Sutherland, Jr. | United States | "for his discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the action of ھۆرمۆنs"[٦٢] | |
| ١٩٧٢ | Gerald M. Edelman | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies"[٦٣] | |
| Rodney R. Porter | United Kingdom | |||
| ١٩٧٣ | پەڕگە:Karl Ritter von Frisch.jpg | Karl von Frisch | Federal Republic of Germany | "for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns"[٦٤] |
 | Konrad Lorenz | Austria | ||
 | Nikolaas Tinbergen | United Kingdom | ||
| ١٩٧٤ | Albert Claude | بەلجیکا | "for their discoveries concerning the ئەندامۆچکە"[٦٥] | |
| Christian de Duve | Belgium | |||
| George E. Palade | Romania | |||
| ١٩٧٥ |  | David Baltimore | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the interaction between ڤایرووسes and the genetic material of the cell"[٦٦] |
 | Renato Dulbecco | Italy United States | ||
| Howard Martin Temin | United States | |||
| ١٩٧٦ | .jpg) | Baruch S. Blumberg | United States | "for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases"[٦٧] |
| D. Carleton Gajdusek | United States | |||
| ١٩٧٧ | Roger Guillemin | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the مێشک"[٦٨] | |
 | Andrew V. Schally | United States | ||
 | Rosalyn Yalow | United States | "for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones"[٦٨] | |
| ١٩٧٨ |  | Werner Arber | Switzerland | "for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics"[٦٩] |
| Daniel Nathans | United States | |||
 | Hamilton O. Smith | United States | ||
| ١٩٧٩ | Allan M. Cormack | South Africa | "for the development of computer assisted tomography"[٧٠] | |
| Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield | United Kingdom | |||
| ١٩٨٠ | Baruj Benacerraf | Venezuela | "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate کۆئەندامی بەرگری"[٧١] | |
 | Jean Dausset | France | ||
| George D. Snell | United States | |||
| ١٩٨١ | Roger W. Sperry | United States | "for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres"[٧٢] | |
| David H. Hubel | United States | "for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system"[٧٢] | ||
 | Torsten N. Wiesel | Sweden | ||
| ١٩٨٢ |  | Sune K. Bergström | Sweden | "for their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances"[٧٣] |
| Bengt I. Samuelsson | Sweden | |||
| Sir John R. Vane | United Kingdom | |||
| ١٩٨٣ | Barbara McClintock | United States | "for her discovery of mobile genetic elements"[٧٤] | |
| ١٩٨٤ |  | Niels K. Jerne | Denmark | "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the کۆئەندامی بەرگری and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies"[٧٥] |
| Georges J.F. Köhler | Federal Republic of Germany | |||
 | César Milstein | ئارجەنتین United Kingdom | ||
| ١٩٨٥ |  | Michael S. Brown | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the regulation of کۆلیستڕۆڵ مێتابۆلیزم"[٧٦] |
 | Joseph L. Goldstein | United States | ||
| ١٩٨٦ |  | Stanley Cohen | United States | "for their discoveries of growth factors"[٧٧] |
 | Rita Levi-Montalcini | Italy United States | ||
| ١٩٨٧ | Susumu Tonegawa | ژاپۆن | "for his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity"[٧٨] | |
| ١٩٨٨ | Sir James W. Black | United Kingdom | "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment"[٧٩] | |
 | Gertrude B. Elion | United States | ||
| George H. Hitchings | United States | |||
| ١٩٨٩ |  | J. Michael Bishop | United States | "for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes"[٨٠] |
 | Harold E. Varmus | United States | ||
| ١٩٩٠ | Joseph E. Murray | United States | "for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease"[٨١] | |
| E. Donnall Thomas | United States | |||
| ١٩٩١ |  | Erwin Neher | Federal Republic of Germany | "for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells"[٨٢] |
 | Bert Sakmann | Federal Republic of Germany | ||
| ١٩٩٢ | Edmond H. Fischer | Switzerland United States | "for their discoveries concerning reversible پرۆتین phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism"[٨٣] | |
| Edwin G. Krebs | United States | |||
| ١٩٩٣ | .jpg) | Sir Richard J. Roberts | United Kingdom | "for their discoveries of split genes"[٨٤] |
 | Phillip A. Sharp | United States | ||
| ١٩٩٤ | Alfred G. Gilman | United States | "for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells"[٨٥] | |
.jpg) | Martin Rodbell | United States | ||
| ١٩٩٥ | Edward B. Lewis | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development"[٨٦] | |
 | Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard | Federal Republic of Germany | ||
 | Eric F. Wieschaus | United States | ||
| ١٩٩٦ | Peter C. Doherty | Australia | "for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence"[٨٧] | |
 | Rolf M. Zinkernagel | Switzerland | ||
| ١٩٩٧ |  | Stanley B. Prusiner | United States | "for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection"[٨٨] |
| ١٩٩٨ |  | Robert F. Furchgott | United States | "for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system"[٨٩] |
 | Louis J. Ignarro | United States | ||
 | Ferid Murad | United States | ||
| ١٩٩٩ |  | Günter Blobel | United States | "for the discovery that پرۆتینs have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell"[٩٠] |
| ٢٠٠٠ |  | Arvid Carlsson | Sweden | "for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the کۆئەندامی دەمار"[٩١] |
 | Paul Greengard | United States | ||
 | Eric R. Kandel | United States | ||
٢٠٠١-ئێستا
| Year | Laureate[A] | Country[B] | Rationale[C] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ٢٠٠١ | Leland H. Hartwell | United States | "for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle"[٩٢] | ||
 | Sir Tim Hunt | United Kingdom | |||
 | Sir Paul M. Nurse | United Kingdom | |||
| ٢٠٠٢ | Sydney Brenner | South Africa | "for their discoveries concerning 'genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'"[٩٣] | ||
| H. Robert Horvitz | United States | ||||
.jpg) | Sir John E. Sulston | United Kingdom | |||
| ٢٠٠٣ |  | Paul Lauterbur | United States | "for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging"[٩٤] | |
 | Sir Peter Mansfield | United Kingdom | |||
| ٢٠٠٤ |  | Richard Axel | United States | "for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system"[٩٥] | |
 | Linda B. Buck | United States | |||
| ٢٠٠٥ |  | Barry J. Marshall | Australia | "for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease"[٩٦] | |
 | J. Robin Warren | Australia | |||
| ٢٠٠٦ |  | Andrew Z. Fire | United States | "for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA"[٩٧] | |
| Craig C. Mello | United States | ||||
| ٢٠٠٧ |  | Mario R. Capecchi | United States | "for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells."[٩٨] | |
 | Sir Martin J. Evans | United Kingdom | |||
 | Oliver Smithies | United States | |||
| ٢٠٠٨ |  | Harald zur Hausen | Germany | "for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer"[٩٩] | |
 | Françoise Barré-Sinoussi | France | "for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus"[٩٩] | ||
 | Luc Montagnier | France | |||
| ٢٠٠٩ |  | Elizabeth H. Blackburn | United States Australia | "for the discovery of how کرۆمۆسۆمs are protected by telomeres and the ئەنزیم telomerase"[١٠٠] | |
 | Carol W. Greider | United States | |||
 | Jack W. Szostak | United States Poland | |||
| ٢٠١٠ | Sir Robert G. Edwards | United Kingdom | "for the development of in vitro fertilization"[١٠١] | ||
| ٢٠١١ | |||||
 | Bruce A. Beutler | United States | "for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity"[١٠٢] | ||
 | Jules A. Hoffmann | France | |||
| Ralph M. Steinman | Canada United States | "for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity"[١٠٢] (awarded posthumously)[١٠٣][١٠٤] | |||
| ٢٠١٢ |  | Sir John B. Gurdon | United Kingdom | "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent"[١٠٥] | |
 | Shinya Yamanaka | Japan | |||
| ٢٠١٣ | James E. Rothman | United States | "for their discoveries of machinery regulating ڤێزیکل traffic, a major transport system in our خانە"[١٠٦] | ||
 | Randy W. Schekman | United States | |||
| Thomas C. Südhof | United States | ||||
| ٢٠١٤ | _2014b.jpg) | John O'Keefe |  ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان شانشینی یەکگرتوو | "for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain" | [١٠٧] |
 | May-Britt Moser |  نەرویژ | |||
 | Edvard I. Moser | نەرویژ | |||
| ٢٠١٥ |  | William C. Campbell |  ئیرلەند ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | "for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites" | [١٠٨] |
 | Satoshi Ōmura |  ژاپۆن | |||
 | Tu Youyou |  چین | "for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against malaria" | [١٠٨] | |
| ٢٠١٦ | .jpg) | Yoshinori Ohsumi | ژاپۆن | "for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy" | [١٠٩] |
| ٢٠١٧ | .jpg) | Jeffrey C. Hall | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm" | [١١٠] |
.jpg) | Michael Rosbash | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | |||
.jpg) | Michael W. Young | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | |||
| ٢٠١٨ | .JPG) | James P. Allison | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation" | [١١١] |
 | Tasuku Honjo | ژاپۆن | |||
| ٢٠١٩ | .jpg) | William Kaelin Jr. | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | "for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability" | [١١٢] |
.png) | Peter J. Ratcliffe | شانشینی یەکگرتوو | |||
 | Gregg L. Semenza | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | |||
| ٢٠٢٠ | .jpg) | Harvey J. Alter | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | "for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus" | [١١٣] |
 | Michael Houghton | شانشینی یەکگرتوو | |||
| | Charles M. Rice | ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان | |||
|}
سەرچاوەکان
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