Amérika Latin
Amérika Latin
| Jembar | 21,069,501 km² |
|---|---|
| Populasi | 561,200,000 |
| Nagara | 20 |
| Dependensis | 10 |
| GDP | $2.26 Trillion (exchange rate) $4.5 Trillion (purchasing power parity) |
| Basa | Basa Spanyol, Basa Portugis, Basa Prancis, Basa Haiti Creole, Quechua, Aymara, Nahuatl, Basa Maya, Basa Guaraní, Basa Italia, Basa Inggris, Basa Jerman, Basa Welsh, Basa Walanda, Basa Kanton, Basa Jepang lan liyané |
| Zona Wektu | UTC-2:00 (Brazil) to UTC-8:00 (Mexico) |
| Ktha gedhé | 1. Mexico City 2. São Paulo 3. Buenos Aires 4. Rio de Janeiro 5. Lima 6. Bogotá 7. Santiago de Chile 8. Caracas 9. Guadalajara 10. Monterrey |
Amérika Latin (Basa Portugis lan Basa Spanyol ipun América Latina, Basa Prancis ipun Amérique Latine) inggih punika satunggiling tlatah ing Buwana Amérika ing pundi Basa Roman, ingkang asalipun saking Latin (mliginipun Basa Spanyol lan Basa Portugis), dados basa pengantar wicara ingkang utami. Amérika Latin bènten sanget kaliyan tlatah Anglo-Amérikah, ingkang basa wicara paling dominan basa Inggris.
Dhefinisi
Wonten sawatawis dhefinisi ingkang magepokan kalih Amérika Latin, nanging boten wonten satunggal kemawon ingkang sampurna utawi konsisten.
Ètimologi
Aslinipun saking istilah pulitik, Amérique latine ingkang dipunwiwiti déning Kaisar Prancis Napoleon III, ingkang nyebataken Amérique latine lan Indochine minangka sasaran kanggé ekspansi salami piyambakipun kuwaos.
Sajarah
Pembagéan politis
Amérika Latin miturut pulitik dipunpérang dados nagari lan tlatah kados kasebat ing ngandhap:
| Nagara kanthi kadhaulatan | Dependensi Prancis | Netherlands dependencies | Dependensi Amérika Sarékat | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
Padunung
Dhémografi
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Pamérangan dhedhasar ras
Tabel ing ngandhap punika nedahaken manéka warni golongan ras lan persèntasenipun ing nagari-nagari Amérika Latin, kajawi Bonaire, Curaçao, Guyana Prancis, Guadeloupe lan Martinique.[1]
| Negari | Populasi | Pethak | Mestizo | Mulatto | Amerindian | Cemeng | Pethak lan mestizo | Campuran | Sanèsipun |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina | 40,301,927 | 97% | 3% | ||||||
| Aruba | 100,018 | 80% | 20% | ||||||
| Bolivia | 9,119,152 | 15% | 30% | 55% | |||||
| Brasil[2] | 190,010,647 | 49.9% | 0.7% | 6.3% | 43.2% | ||||
| Chili | 16,284,741 | 3% | 95% | 2% | |||||
| Kolombia | 44,379,598 | 20% | 58% | 14% | 1% | 4% | 3% | ||
| Costa Rica | 4,133,884 | 1% | 3% | 94% | 2% | ||||
| Kuba | 11,394,043 | 37% | 51% | 11% | 1% | ||||
| Républik Dominika | 9,365,818 | 16% | 11% | 73% | |||||
| Ekuador | 13,755,680 | 65% | 25% | 3% | 7% | ||||
| El Salvador | 6,948,073 | 9% | 90% | 1% | |||||
| Guatemala | 12,728,111 | 40.5% | 59.4% | 0.1% | |||||
| Haiti | 8,706,497 | 95% | 5% | ||||||
| Honduras | 7,483,763 | 1% | 90% | 7% | 2% | ||||
| Meksiko[3][4] | 108,700,891 | 15%1 | 75% | 12% | 1% | ||||
| Nikaragua | 5,675,356 | 17% | 69% | 5% | 9% | ||||
| Panama | 3,242,173 | 10% | 70% | 6% | 14% | ||||
| Paraguay | 6,669,086 | 30% | 65% | 1% | 4% | ||||
| Peru | 28,674,757 | 15% | 37% | 45% | 3% | ||||
| Puerto Riko | 3,944,259 | 80.5% | 0.4% | 8% | 4.1% | 7% | |||
| Kapuloan Virgin AS | 108,448 | 13.1% | 76.2% | 3.5% | 7.2% | ||||
| Uruguay | 3,460,607 | 88% | 8% | 4% | |||||
| Venezuela | 26,023,528 | 41% | 49% | 1% | 7% | 2% | |||
| Total | 561,211,057 | 33.9% | 27% | 15.2% | 10.9% | 4.9% | 4.8% | 1.7% | 1.6% |
Notes:
1. Angka dèrèng kalebet mestizos ingkang katingal pethak.
Basa
Cithakan:Deleng uga
Basa Spanyol minangka basa ingkang paling dominan ing nagari-nagari Amérika Latin, déné Basa Portugis kanggé ing nagari Brasil,minangka basa resmi lan basa nasional.. Basa Perancis ugi dipun-ginakaken wonten sawatawis nagari alit, wonten Caribbean, lan wonten ing Guyana Prancis. Basa Walandi minangka basa resmi ing sawatawis pulo-pulo Karibia lan ing Suriname; senaos makaten amargi Basa Walandi kagolong Basa Jerman, pramila tlatah punika limrahipun boten dipunanggep kalebet tlatah Amérika Latin.
Agami
Ékonomi
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Pratélan tuwuhing GDP (ing US dollar at constant 2000 prices):
| Negari | 2004 | 2005 | 2006(a) | 2007(b) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amérika Latin | 6.0 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 4.7 |
 Argentina | 9.0 | 9.2 | 8.5 | 7.5 |
 Bolivia | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.0 |
 Brasil | 4.9 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.5 |
 Chili | 6.2 | 6.3 | 4.4 | 5.5 |
 Kolombia | 4.9 | 5.2 | 6.0 | 5.0 |
 Kosta Rika | 4.1 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 5.0 |
 Kuba(c) | 5.4 | 11.8 | 12.5 | n.a. |
 Republik Dominika | 2.7 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 7.0 |
 Ekuador | 7.9 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.0 |
 El Salvador | 1.8 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
 Guatemala | 2.7 | 3.2 | 4.6 | 5.0 |
 Haiti | -3.5 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 3.0 |
 Honduras | 5.0 | 4.1 | 5.6 | 5.0 |
 Mèksiko | 4.2 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 3.8 |
 Nikaragua | 5.1 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 4.0 |
 Panama | 7.5 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 7.0 |
 Paraguay | 4.1 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 3.5 |
 Peru | 5.2 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 6.0 |
 Uruguay | 11.8 | 6.6 | 7.3 | 6.0 |
 Venezuela | 17.9 | 9.3 | 10.0 | 7.0 |
(a) Estimasi
(b) Proyèksi
(c) Angka saking Kantor Statistik Nasional Kuba, ingkang dipun évaluasi déning ECLAC
Sumber: ECLAC[5]
Data dipunpendhet saking The CIA World Factbook Archived 2008-08-12 at the Wayback Machine.</ref> Wonten warsa ingkang sami, Brazil gadhah Gross Domestic Product (GDP) nominal ingkang paling ageng inggih punika 1,067,706 yuta USD[6], sementawis Chili gadhah nominal GDP per capita paling ageng, 8,864 USD.[7] Dipun owahi dados purchasing power parity (PPP) boten nganggé aji liron (exchange rate) nominal, Brasil tetep paling ageng, inggih punika 1,701,183 yuta USD[8], sementawis Argentina gadhah GDP per capita paling inggil ing PPP = 15,937 USD.[9]
| Country | GDP[6] | GDP per capita[7] | GDP (PPP)[8] | GDP (PPP) per capita[9] | Income equality[10] | HDI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| million USD | USD | USD | million USD | Gini index | ||
| Argentina | 212,702 | 5,458 | 621,070 | 15,937 | 52.8 | 0.863 (high) |
| Bolivia | 10,828 | 1,125 | 27,957 | 2,904 | 60.1 | 0.692 (medium) |
| Brasil | 1,067,706 | 5,717 | 1,701,183 | 9,108 | 58 | 0.792 (medium) |
| Chili | 145,205 | 8,864 | 212,671 | 12,983 | 57.1 | 0.859 (high) |
| Kolombia | 135,075 | 2,888 | 198,435 | 8,091 | 58.6 | 0.790 (medium) |
| Kosta Rika | 21,384 | 4,858 | 51,089 | 11,606 | 49.9 | 0.841 (high) |
| Kuba[11] | 40,000 | 3,500 | 44,540 | 3,900 | n.a. | 0.826 (high) |
| Republik Dominika | 31,600 | 3,653 | 76,573 | 8,851 | 51.7 | 0.751 (medium) |
| Ekuador | 40,447 | 4,776 | 64,671 | 4,776 | 43.7 | 0.765 (medium) |
| El Salvador | 18,341 | 2,619 | 38,617 | 5,515 | 52.4 | 0.729 (medium) |
| Guatemala | 35,304 | 2,508 | 60,766 | 4,317 | 55.1 | 0.673 (medium) |
| Haiti | 4,473 | 528 | 15,554 | 1,835 | 59.2 | 0.482 (low) |
| Honduras | 8,981 | 1,213 | 23,183 | 3,131 | 53.8 | 0.683 (medium) |
| Mèksiko | 840,012 | 8,066 | 1,171,506 | 11,249 | 49.5 | 0.821 (high) |
| Nikaragua | 5,369 | 908 | 22,723 | 3,844 | 43.1 | 0.698 (medium) |
| Panama | 17,113 | 5,211 | 27,551 | 8,389 | 56.4 | 0.809 (high) |
| Paraguay | 8,773 | 1,483 | 31,213 | 5,277 | 57.8 | 0.757 (medium) |
| Peru | 93,268 | 3,374 | 185,591 | 6,715 | 54.6 | 0.767 (medium) |
| Uruguay | 19,221 | 6,007 | 38,267 | 11,646 | 44.9 | 0.851 (high) |
| Venezuela | 221,608 | 7,736 | 233,196 | 8,306 | 44.1 | 0.784 (medium) |
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