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Help:IPA/Insular Catalan

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The charts below show the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) representations of Insular Catalan pronunciations (Balearic, which includes Ibizan, Majorcan and Minorcan, and Alguerese). For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Key for Insular Catalan

Standard Catalan phonemes, in bold, are followed by their most common phonetic values and their respective occurrence amongst the Insular Catalan dialects.

Except for complex clusters, examples in the charts are spelled in Standard Catalan.

IPAConsonants
PhonemeBAExamplesEnglish approximation
Ib.Ma.Mi.
/b/bbell, abansbest
/d/ddracdoor
ðɾfredathere / US atom
/dz/dzdzsetzeadze
zrealitzazebra (B) / adze (A)
/dʒ/dʒmitjà, viatgejeep
/f/fforça, provface
/ɡ/ɡɡɡguantgot
ɟgasgot (rest of B & A) / RP due (Ma.)
ɣʝɣlloguerbetween got and hot (rest of B & A) / d'you (Ma.)
ɣiogurtbetween got and hot
/k/kkkcorscan
ccasscan (rest of B & A) / stew (Ma.)
/l/lllaca, malpile
ɾmalapile (B) / US atom (A)
/ʎ/ʎʎllac, cellabillion
lballbillion (B) / pile (A)
jballsoily (B) / pile (A)
/m/mmeu, comtemode
ɱlimfalymph
/n/nneunote
/ŋ/ŋsang, víkingring
/ɲ/ɲɲnyeuonion
nanyonion / note
jnanyspoint (B) / note (A)
/p/ppor, dubtespan
/r/rruc, honraScots rook
corr (corro C / córrec V)
/ɾ/ɾtruc, hora, perUS atom
/s/sset, està, feliçsick
/ʃ/ʃxecship
guix
/iʃ/caixa
/t/tterra, fredstand
/ts/tspotsercats
/tʃ/tʃtxec, migcheap
jvaigyoung
/v/vvell, avançvest
/z/zzel, esmazebra
/(d)ʒ/ʒdʒja (rest of B & A), joc, gespagenre (B) / jeep (A)
dʒvaig entrarjeep
IPASyllabic consonants
/l/l̩arregl (arreglo C / arregle V)wrinkle
/ɾ/ɾ̩compr (compro C / compre V)US camper
IPAMarginal consonants
/h/hehemhot
/θ/θtheta, Lópezthing
/x/xkharja, BachScots loch
 
IPASemivowels
PhonemeBAExamplesEnglish approximation
Ib.Ma.Mi.
/j/jiode, ja (Ib.)young
/w/wquatre, prov (Old Ma.)quick
 
IPAVowels
PhonemeBAExamplesEnglish approximation
Ib.Ma.Mi.
/a/aaaanar, màfather
æcasa, sacbat
əacasa, anaralpha (B) / father (A)
/ɛ/ɛsetpet
/ə/ (*)əesecalpha (B) / face (A)
/e/aentensalpha (B) / father (A)
inaixementalpha (B) / meet (A)
esécface
/i/iisicmeet
ainserirmeet (B) / father (A)
/ɔ/ɔsocoff
/o/oooosóc, moltstory
ahospitalstory (B) / father (A)
uuoratgerule (rest of B & A) / story (Ma.)
/u/usuc, duesrule
IPAMarginal vowels
/y/ydéjà vucute
 
IPASuprasegmentals
PhonemeBAExamplesEnglish approximation
Ib.Ma.Mi.
ˈˈAina
[ˈainə] (B) / [ˈaina] (A)		primary stress
ˌˌBellver
[ˌbeʎˈvə] (B) / [ˌbelˈve] (A)		secondary stress
..Badia
[bəˈði.ə] (B) / [baði.a] (A)		syllable break
ːːGemma
[ˈʒemːə] (B) / [ˈdʒemːa] (A)		long consonant/vowel
IPAOther representations
( )( )Camps
[ˈkam(p)s] (B / A)		optional sound
(*) Stressed /ə/ corresponds to /ɛ/ in Central Catalan and /e/ in Western Catalan.

Bibliography

  • Lloret, Maria-Rosa, The phonological role of paradigms: The case of insular Catalan, Barcelona: University of Barcelona
  • Serra, Pep (2016), Territorial singularity reflected on a linguistic particularity: about a regressive assimilation in insular Catalan, Girona: University of Girona, ISSN 1616-413X
  • El català de l'Alguer: un model d'àmbit restringit, Barcelona: Institut d'Estudis Catalans (IEC), 2003

See also

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