Help:IPA/Estonian

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Estonian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Estonian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Estonian.

IPAExamplesEnglish approximation
Consonants
f [1]filmfilm
hhobune, rahahorse
jjõulyolk
kkabiscold
llinalack
[2]lkleap
mnaasmamay
nlinananny
ŋ [3]vang, kinkeating
[2]vannonion
pkapispill
rvererolled r
ssõbrannasole
[2]vastiksuper (some dialects)
ʃ [1]šampusshy
teestistand
[2]vattRP stew
vvereveal
ʔmaq(in South Estonian) the pause in uh-oh
Stress
ˈhobuneNormally placed on the first syllable
hernehirmutis
[ˈherːneˈhirmutːis]
Two stressed syllables in compound words
armee
[arˈmeː]
Loanwords can have stress on non-initial syllables
Length
vere [ˈvere]
lina [ˈlinɑ]
Short syllable
ː [4]veere [ˈveːre]
linna [ˈlinːɑ]
Long syllable
ːː [4]veere [ˈveːːre]
linna [ˈlinːːɑ]
Overlong syllable
IPAExamplesEnglish approximation
Vowels[4]
ɑlinafather, but shorter
ɑːnaasmafather
æmägicat
æːväärmad
etervebait
eestipay
ivihahappy
viinfeed
ooksstory
soostore
øköhaSomewhat like hurt
øːvööSomewhat like herd
ɤõluSomewhat like fern
ɤːõõnesSomewhat like verge
usurmroot
suurude
ykülasomewhat like cute
rüüpaSomewhat like cube

Diphthongs

Estonian diphthongs[5]
Vowelɑeiou
ɑɑe̯ɑi̯ɑo̯ɑu̯
eeɑ̯ei̯eo̯(eu̯)
i(iɑ̯)(ie̯)(io̯)iu̯
ooɑ̯oe̯oi̯ou̯
u(uɑ̯)(ue̯)ui̯uo̯
ɤɤɑ̯ɤe̯ɤi̯ɤo̯ɤu̯
ææe̯æi̯æo̯æu̯
øøɑ̯øe̯øi̯(øo)(øu)
yyɑ̯(ye̯)yi̯(yo̯)

See also

Notes

References

  • Asu, Eva Liina; Teras, Pire (2009), "Estonian" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 39 (3): 367–372, doi:10.1017/s002510030999017x

External links