Help:IPA/Pashto

The chart below explains how Wikipedia represents Pashto pronunciations with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Pashto phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Pashto.

Consonants
IPALetterUsual romanizationEnglish approximation
NWNESWSE
b
ب
bbed
d
د
dday
zd͡z
ځ
dzlads
d͡ʒ
ج
jjam
ɖ
ډ
day (retroflex)
f
ف
ffun
ɡ
ګ
ggo
ɣ
غ
ğ, ǧback (without voicing)
h
ه
ح
hhat
j
ي
yyes
k
ک
kking
l
ل
lleft
m
م
mman
n
ن
nno
ŋsong
ɳ
ڼ
no (retroflex)
p
پ
pspit
q
ق
qcool (without voicing)
r
rrun
ɺ, ɻ, ɽ
ړ
run (retroflex)
s
س
ث
ص
ssee
ʃ
ش
šshe
çxʂʃ
ښ
x̌, ṣ̌she (retroflex)
t
ت
ط
ttop
st͡s
څ
c, tscats
t͡ʃ
چ
čchin
ʈ
ټ
top (retroflex)
w
و
wwin
x
خ
xBach (German)
z
ز
ذ
ض
ظ
zzoo
ʒd͡ʒʒ
ژ
žpleasure
ʝɡʐʒ
ږ
ǵ, ẓ̌genre
◌̃
ں
̃ , ńsong
Marginal consonant
IPALetterUsual romanizationEnglish approximation
ʔ
ع
ء
', ɂwater (glottalized)
Vowels
IPALetterUsual romanizationEnglish approximation
a
َ
ه
aart
ɑ
آ
َا
āart
e
ې
eegg
ə
ٙ
ۀ
əcomma
ɪ
ِ
iit
i
ِي
i, īit
o
و
oold
ʊ
ُ
uroot
u
ُو
u, ūroot
Diphthongss
IPALetterUsual romanizationEnglish approximation
ai
َی
ayice
ɑi
آی
َای
āyice
əi
ٙۍ
ٙئ
əyprice
aw
َو
awloud
ɑw
آو
َاو
āwloud
وی
oyboy
ُوی
uysweet
Stress
IPAUsual romanizationEnglish approximation
ˈ´about

See also