Help:IPA/Persian

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Persian, Dari, and Tajik language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA, and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Persian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Persian.

IPA			Consonants[1]
Farsi	Dari	Tajik	Arabic letter	Cyrillic letter	Example (Arabic script)	Example (Cyrillic)	English approximation
b			ب	б	برادر	бародар	beet[2] - boy
d			د	д	د‫وست‬	дӯст	den - Daniel
dʒ			ج	ҷ	جوان	ҷавон	jazz - joy
f			ف	ф	فشار	фишор	fast - festival
ɡ			گ	г	گروه	гуруҳ	gate[3] - gooseberry
ɣ , q ɢ[4]	ɣ		غ [5]	ғ	باغ	боғ	Either: Spanish fuego ([ɣ]), Similar to cost (but deeper in the throat) ([q]), Similar to got (but deeper in the throat) ([ɢ])
	q		ق	қ	قلم	қалам
h			ه ح	ҳ	هفت	ҳафт	hat
j			ی	й	یا	ё	yard
kʰ			ک	к	کشور	кишвар	cat[6]
l			ل	л	لب	лаб	land
m			م	м	مادر	модар	man[7]
n			ن	н	نان	нон	neck
pʰ			‫پ‬	п	‫پدر‬	пидор	pen[6]
ɾ			ر	р	ایران	Эрон	Flapped or rolled R[8]
ɹ							ring
s			س ص ث	с	سایه	сойа	sock
ʃ			‫ش‬	ш	‫شاه‬	шоҳ	shake
tʰ			ت ط	т	تا	то	tall[6]
tʃʰ			چ	ч	چوب	чӯб	chip[6]
v	w	v	و	в	ویژه	вижа	oven[9][10]
x			خ	х	خانه	хона	loch (Scottish)
z			ز ذ ض ظ	з	آزاد	озод	jazz[11]
ʒ			ژ	ж	ژاله	жола	vision[12]
ʔ			ع ء[13]	ъ	معنا	маъно	As in water, better, Let's go! (Cockney); button (GA and RP; see T-glottalization)
Marginal consonants
ŋ			نگ	нг	رنگ	ранг	sing[14]
Stress
ˈ [15]					ایران [ʔiːˈɾɒːn]	Эрон	about /əˈbaʊt/

IPA			Vowels
Farsi	Dari	Tajik	Arabic letter	Cyrillic letter	Example (Arabic script)	Example (Cyrillic script)	English approximation
Monophthongs
æ[16]	æ, a		َ‎[17] ه	а	نه	на	bat
e[16][18]	ɪ	i	ِ‎[17] ه[19]	и	که	ки	between bate and bet[20]
o[16]	ʊ	u	[21]ُ و‎[17]	у	تو	ту	short version of boat (GA); sort (RP and Australian)
ɒː[22]	ɑː	ɔ	آ َا	о	تا	то	Like the o of not in Received Pronunciation
iː	eː	e̞	ی	е	شیر	шер	beat
iː		i	ِی	и, ӣ	شیر	шир	beat
uː	oː	ɵ̞, o̞	و	ӯ	رو	рӯ	boot
uː		u	ُو	у	رو	ру	boot
Diphthongs[23]
ej	æj		َی	ай	کی	кай	bay, they
ow[24]	æw	æʋ	َو	ав	نو	нав	flow; in early New Persian as well as in modern eastern dialects, pronounced as in flower or loud