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Help:IPA/Nepali

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Charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Nepali pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Nepali phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Nepali.

Key

Consonants
IPAExamplesEnglish Approximation
NepaliIAST
bबाटोbāṭocabbie
bʱ[1]भट्टीbhaṭṭīclubhouse
d[2]दाउराdāurāwidth
dʱ[2]धानdhānadhere (but dental)
ɖ[2][3]डब्बाḍabbāAmerican bird
ɽ[3]गाडीgāḍīAmerican bird
ɖʱ[2]ढक्कनḍhakkanAmerican birdhouse
d͡zजलjaldads
d͡zʱझरनाjharanādad's house
ɡगीतgītagain
ɡʱ[1]घरgharloghouse
ɦ[3]हलोhaloahead
kकलमkalamscan
kʰ[1]खानाkhānācan
lलामोlāmoleaf
mमाटोmāṭomuch
nनामnāmnot
ŋनङnaṅsing
ɳ[4]अण्डाaṇḍāAmerican burn
pपलpalspan
pʰ[1]फलphalpan
r[5]रातोrātoTrilled ring
ɾ[5]ताराtārāAmerican atom
s[6]सानोsānosun
t͡sचोरcorbats
t͡sʰछानाchānācats head
t[2]तरtarastick (but dental)
tʰ[2]थालthāltub (but dental)
ʈ[2]टमाटरṭamāṭarAmerican parts
ʈʰ[2]ठीकṭhīkAmerican partake
w[7]हावाhawawant
jयादyādyes
Vowels
IPAExamplesEnglish Approximation
NepaliIAST
Monophthongs
aआमाāmāfather
ʌअसलasalcut (conservative dialects)
eकेराkerāScottish may
iइनामināmhappy
ईनारīnār
oथोपाthopāforce
uउमेरumērboot
ऊनūn
Diphthongs
ʌi̯ऐनाaināCanadian writer
ʌu̯मौकाmaukāCanadian about
ou̯धोऊdhoūgoat
oi̯खोइkhoitoy
au̯पाउpāunow
ei̯केहीkehīday
ai̯माइतmāitamy
iu̯जीउjīusimilar to few
ui̯दुईduīsimilar to wheel
eu̯एउटाeuṭāNo English Equivalent, similar to hey ooh
Vowel Diacritic
◌̃आँसुā̃sunasal vowel [ʌ̃], [ã], [ũ], etc.)
Suprasegmentals
IPA
◌ ̤ːDoubled vowel
(placed after vowel[8])
◌ːDoubled consonant
(placed after consonant)

Notes

Bibliography

  • Khatiwada, Rajesh (2009), "Nepali", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 39 (3): 337–380, doi:10.1017/S0025100309990181
  • Pokharel, Madhav Prasad (1989), Experimental analysis of Nepali sound system (Ph.D.), University of Pune, India
  • Masica, Colin (1991), The Indo-Aryan Languages, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-29944-2.
  • Hutt, Michael; Subedi, Abhi (1999), Teach Yourself Nepali (2003 ed.), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 978-0-07-142468-4.
  • Acharya, Jayaraj (1991), A Descriptive Grammar of Nepali and an Analyzed Corpus, Georgetown University Press, ISBN 0878400737

See also

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