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Help:IPA/Navajo

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Navajo language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Navajo phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Navajo.

Consonants
IPAOrthographyEnglish approximation
ʔ’the catch in uh-oh
pbspill[1]
tʃʰchchild
tʃʼch'a glottalized version of ch
tdstay[2]
tɬdlsomewhat like atlas
tsdzcats
kgskate[3]
ɰghwar, but unrounded
hhhe[4]
hʷhwblowing out a candle, or as in which (without the witch-which merger)
tʃjteacher
kʰkking
kʼk'somewhat like bike, with glottalization
kʷʼkw'liquid with glottalization
lllake
ɬłno English equivalent; Welsh llwyd
mmman
nnnice
sssad
ʃshshell
tʰt"t" in tie
tʼt'somewhat like right with glottalization
tɬʰtłno English equivalent
tɬʼtł'no English equivalent
tsʰtscats with aspiration
tsʼts'somewhat like cats with glottalization
wwwas
jyyellow
zzwas
ʒzhgarage, pleasure
Oral vowels
IPAOrthographyEnglish approximation
a˩asomewhat like bra with low tone
a˥ásomewhat like bra with high tone
aː˩aalong "a" in bra with low tone
aː˥áálong "a" in bra with high tone
e˩emet with low tone
e˥émet with high tone
eː˩eelong "e" in met with low tone
eː˥éélong "e" in met with high tone
i˩i[5]seet with low tone
i˥íseet with high tone
iː˩iilong "ee" in see with low tone
iː˥íílong "ee" in see with high tone
o˩osomewhat like go[6] with low tone
o˥ósomewhat like go with high tone
oː˩oolong "o" with low tone
oː˥óólong "o" with high tone
Nasal vowels
IPAOrthographyEnglish approximation
ã˩ąnasal "a" for bra with low tone
ã˥ą́nasal "a" for bra with high tone
ãː˩ąąlong nasal "a" for bra with low tone
ãː˥ą́ą́long nasal "a" for bra with high tone
ẽ˩ęnasal "e" for met with low tone
ẽ˥ę́nasal "e" for met with high tone
ẽː˩ęęlong nasal "e" for met with low tone
ẽː˥ę́ę́long nasal "e" for met with high tone
ĩ˩įnasal "ee" for see with low tone
ĩ˥į́nasal "ee" for see with high tone
ĩː˩įįlong nasal "ee" for see with low tone
ĩː˥į́į́long nasal "ee" for see with high tone
õ˩ǫnasal "oa" for coat with low tone
õ˥ǫ́nasal "oa" for coat with high tone
õː˩ǫǫlong nasal "oa" for coat with low tone
õː˥ǫ́ǫ́long nasal "oa" for coat with high tone

Notes

References

  • "Navajo pronunciation and spelling guide". Native Languages of the Americas. 2012. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

See also

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